نتایج جستجو برای: ultra low dose of morphine
تعداد نتایج: 21271499 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Introduction: Morphine addiction and morphine withdrawal syndrome are the two main problems of today’s human society. The present study has investigated the effects of nicotine on the strength of physical and psychological dependency in single and repeated doses morphine administrated rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were subjected to morphine consumption with single or frequent dose protocols. ...
a novel ultra wideband microstrip bandpass filter using radial stub loaded resonator and interdigital coupled lines is presented in this paper. the radial stub loaded resonator and decagonal patch form a resonator named m to create tuneable multiple notches in the passband for suppression wlan interference. to realize sharp roll-off, two adjustable transmission nulls are located at the lower an...
Low dose nebulised morphine may relieve dyspnoea through a direct effect on lung afferent nerves. To study this further 11 adult patients with advanced chronic lung disease (FEV1 range 0.4-1.41), whose exercise endurance was limited by dyspnoea, were entered into a double blind, randomised, crossover study in which low dose morphine or a placebo was inhaled. The effects were assessed by an endu...
Introduction: Activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors in the nucleus accumbens is a component of drug-induced reward mechanism. In addition, NMDA receptors play a major role in brain reward system and activation of these receptors can change firing pattern of dopamine neurons. Blockade of glutamatergic neurotransmission reduces the expression of conditi...
Efficacy is one determinant of whether a drug is an agonist or an antagonist under a particular set of conditions. Relative efficacy among the micro opioid receptor (MOR) ligands buprenorphine, nalbuphine, and morphine was examined in monkeys dependent on morphine (3.2 mg/kg/day) or l-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) (1.0 mg/kg twice daily) and that discriminated naltrexone (0.0178 mg/kg) from salin...
Chronic use of morphine causes rewarding and behavioral sensitization, which may lead to the development of psychological craving. In our previous study, we found that a widely used antitussive dextromethorphan (known as a low affinity NMDA receptor antagonist), at doses of 10-20 mg/kg (i.p.), effectively decreased morphine rewarding in rats. In this study, we further investigated the effects a...
objective: endocannabinoid produce analgesia that is comparable which of opioids. the mechanism of antinociceptive effects of (∆) - 9 tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) is suggested to be through cyclooxygenase (cox) pathway. in the present work, the effect of two extreme dose ranges of celecoxib (mg/kg and ng/kg), a cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) antagonist, on arachidonylcyclopropylamide (acpa, a selective...
We have previously shown that the naturally occurring levo-morphine at a subanalgesic picomolar dose pretreated i.t. induces antianalgesia against levo-morphine-produced antinociception. We now report that the synthetic stereo-enantiomer dextro-morphine, even at an extremely low femtomolar dose, induces antianalgesia against levo-morphine-produced antinociception using the tail-flick (TF) test ...
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