Magnetic shape memory alloys (MSM alloys), a new kind of smart materials, have become a potential candidate in many engineering fields. MSMs have the advantage of bearing a huge strain, much larger than other materials. In addition, they also have fast response. These characteristics make MSM a good choice in micro engineering. However, MSMs display the obvious hysteresis phenomenon of nonlinea...

In a series of papers, Robins and colleagues describe inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) estimation in marginal structural models (MSMs), a method of causal analysis of longitudinal data based on counterfactual principles. This family of statistical techniques is similar in concept to weighting of survey data, except that the weights are estimated using study data rather than defi...

We investigated the efficacy and utility of a post-column derivatization method for the detection of amines with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) in ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Since it was anticipated that a derivatization reaction system placed downstream of the column would give considerable band broadening to narrow peaks generated by a UHPLC column, we examined the contribu...

The current study evaluates the ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method for the quantification of talinolol in lipid-based formulations. A simple, rapid, reliable and precise reversed phase UHPLC method has been developed and validated according to the regulatory guidelines, which was composed of isocratic mobile phase; acetonitrile and phosphate buffer saline (pH 4.5) with ...

A qualitative method, involving supported liquid–liquid extraction (SLE) and ultra high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS–MS), was developed for the rapid tentative identification of various drugs of abuse in urine. In this study, 28 drugs and metabolites were covered by the screening procedure. Before analysis, urine samples were extracted by SLE and ...

A fast method was developed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) for simultaneous determination of polyphyllin I and polyphyllin II. Chemometric analyses including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) based on UHPLC chromatography were used to evaluate 38 batches from six species of Paris. Variable importance of projectio...

We consider time-continuous, reversible Markov processes on large or continuous state space. For a practical analysis of such processes it is often necessary to construct low dimensional approximations, like Markov State Models (MSM). MSM have been used for this purpose in several applications, particularly in molecular dynamics, see [16] for an example. One of the main goals of MSMs is the cor...

An unknown impurity formed during stability sample analysis by a gradient reversed phase ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) of varenicline tablets at 0.2% level. A simple isocratic preparative method was developed to isolate the unknown impurity with 20 min run time. This unknown impurity was identified and characterized by using spectroscopic techniques. Based on the spectral da...

The first cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reported in the United States in the spring of 1981. By 1983 the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS, had been isolated. Early in the U.S. HIV/AIDS pandemic, the role of substance abuse in the spread of AIDS was clearly established. Injection drug use (IDU) was identified as a direct route of HIV infect...

Computer simulations can complement experiments by providing insight into molecular kinetics with atomic resolution. Unfortunately, even the most powerful supercomputers can only simulate small systems for short timescales, leaving modeling of most biologically relevant systems and timescales intractable. In this work, however, we show that molecular simulations driven by adaptive sampling of n...