background and aim: in vitro studies have revealed a direct association between resin content and cytotoxicity of resin composites; but implantation studies in this regard are sparse. this study investigates the relationship between filler content of composite resins and biocompatibility. materials and methods: this study was conducted using 18 male wistar rats (180-200g), 1 nano-hybrid (prime-...

Techniques in resin blending are simple and efficient method for improving the properties of polymers, and have been used widely in polymer modification field. However, polymer latex blends such as the combination of latexes, especially the latexes with water-soluble polymers, were rarely reported. Here, we report a core-shell composite latex synthesized using methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl a...

When applying an adhesive to wood, the chemical heterogeneity of wood cell walls makes it difficult understand contribution they make interfacial adhesion between and as is a very complex physical phenomenon. This study, for first time, directly measured surface cellulose, major component urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin adhesives. The thin, smooth nanocellulose films, such cellulose nanofibrils (C...

The curing behavior of lignin-based phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin with different contents of nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different heating rates (5, 10 and 20 ̊C/min) and the bonding property was evaluated by the wet shear strength and wood failure of two-ply plywood panels after soaking in water (48 hours at room temperature and f...

We determined the influence of resin ducts, sap content, and fruit physicochemical features of four mango cultivars (Criollo, Manila, Ataulfo, and Tommy Atkins) on their susceptibility to the attack of the two most pestiferous fruit fly species infesting mangoes in Mexico: Anastrepha ludens (Loew) and Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart). We performed three studies: 1) analysis of resin ducts in mango...

The suitability of polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes (UFM) designed for commercial water treatment has been investigated for separation of protein (PR) from sweet whey. Ultrafiltration (UF) of whey originated from dairy has been realized by a self-made pilot plant, which has been in service for about one year. The influence of two whey temperatures (9 and 30 °C) on the efficiency of protein...

This study reports the results of a study aimed at reducing the free formaldehyde content of Phenolformaldehyde resin by using Urea as means for forming a reversible adduct with formaldehyde. The highly volatile formaldehyde has an unpleasant odour and irritates the eyes and nasal passages. The free formaldehyde content (FFC) of the modified resol resin was determined by titration method. With ...

Orange press liquor is a by-product generated by the citrus processing industry containing huge amounts of natural phenolic compounds with recognized antioxidant activity. In this work, an integrated membrane process for the recovery of flavonoids from orange press liquors was investigated on a laboratory scale. The liquor was previously clarified by ultrafiltration (UF) in selected operating c...

Agricultural resources have a great potential to be supplement or replacement for wood, especially in countries lacking wood resources, during times of economic turmoil markets, manufacturing panel products. Previous research has focused on various sources including wheat straw, rice rapeseed, oil palm stems, but so far hay was not considered. Hay consists cut and dried grasses, legumes, other ...