Objective: To establish a tobramycin dosing schedule for neonates of various gestational ages. Methods: This was a retrospective study with prospective validation. A retrospective study in 470 neonates, with suspected septicemia in the first week of life, was performed. All patients received tobramycin according to the following scheme: neonates with a gestational age of less than 28 weeks rece...

Imatinib at 400 mg daily is standard treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. We here describe the correlation of imatinib trough plasma concentrations (C(mins)) with clinical responses, event-free survival (EFS), and adverse events (AEs). Trough level plasma samples were obtained on day 29 (steady state, n = 351). Plasma concentrations of imatinib and its metabolite CGP74588 we...

Imatinib at 400 mg daily is standard treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. We here describe the correlation of imatinib trough plasma concentrations (Cmins) with clinical responses, event-free survival (EFS), and adverse events (AEs). Trough level plasma samples were obtained on day 29 (steady state, n 351). Plasma concentrations of imatinib and its metabolite CGP74588 were d...

Studies of light adaptation have, in general, employed either aperiodic or periodic stimuli. In earlier work, models originally developed to predict the results from one tradition failed to predict results from the other but the models from the two traditions could be merged to predict phenomena from both. To further test these merged models, a paradigm combining both types of stimuli was used....

BACKGROUND Indacaterol is a once-daily long-acting inhaled β2-agonist indicated for maintenance treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The large inter-patient and inter-study variability in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) with bronchodilators makes determination of optimal doses difficult in conventional dose-ranging studies. We considered alte...

PURPOSE The present study was aimed at investigating L-asparaginase (L-ASE) activity (in plasma) and L-asparagine (L-ASN) depletion (in plasma and CSF) in children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) exposed for the first time to different L-ASE products. PATIENTS AND METHODS During the induction treatment of the AIEOP ALL 95 study, 62 patients were treated with either Erw...

The clinical efficacy of calcineurin inhibitors administered to renal transplant patients is considered to be a strong function of the area under the concentration time curve (AUC). Interestingly, monitoring timings of blood concentrations for two similar calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine (CYA; Neoral) and tacrolimus (TAC; Prograf) are different. Namely, CYA blood concentration is usually mo...

OBJECTIVES The incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in intensive care units in Malaysia is significant. Invasive MRSA infections are commonly treated with vancomycin. In clinical practice, the serum vancomycin trough concentration is used as a surrogate marker of vancomycin efficacy. A low concentration of vancomycin may result in less effective therapy and...

OBJECTIVE To describe the relationships between dosing strategy, age, and vancomycin trough concentrations in pediatric patients. METHODS This is a retrospective review of hospitalized pediatric patients between 2 months and 17 years of age treated with intravenous vancomycin from 2008 to 2011. The primary outcome was the number of patients achieving a target trough concentration of 10 to 20 ...