PREMISE OF THE STUDY The mint family (Lamiaceae) is the sixth largest family of flowering plants, with the tribe Mentheae containing about a third of the species. We present a detailed perspective on the evolution of the tribe Mentheae based on a phylogenetic analysis of cpDNA and nrDNA that is the most comprehensive to date, a biogeographic set of analyses using a fossil-calibrated chronogram,...

A generic-level cladistic analysis of the cleptoparasitic bee tribe Epeolini (Apinae: Nomadinae) is presented. One hundred and two characters of adult external morphology are identified and coded for 32 representatives of all genera and subgenera presently recognized within the tribe, along with five outgroup taxa. The resulting topology is used in the formation of a higher-level classification...

The tribe Sophoreae sensu Polhill [9,10] is a large and diverse assemblage comprising the ancient and primitive ancestral stocks of Papilionoideae. The most frequent chromosome basic numbers in this tribe are x = 11 and x = 9 but chromosome numbers range from x = 8-14 are also known. In this study chromosome numbers and karyotype variation of Iranian members of tribe Sophoreae are reported. Ira...

efficient use of energy has always been considered as important goal of sustainable development. the purpose of this study in action research methodology is use of solar cookers for energy security in the tribe's community that has been conducted in two main parts; in the first part of the design, fabrication and testing of ovens, faculty of agriculture, razi university in kermanshah were ...

A new issid genus in the tribe Parahiraciini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae) is erected for Fortunia jianfenglingensis Chen, Zhang et Chang, 2014 (China: Hainan). Male of the species is described and illustrated for the first time. A key for the 15 genera of Parahiraciini is provided. Morphological peculiarity and phylogenetic position of the new genus and the distribution of the tribe Para...

Two new species of the subfamily Trypetinae, Acidoxantha galibeedu David & Ramani, sp. nov. (tribe Nitrariomyiini) and Philophylla lachung Singh & David, sp. nov. (tribe Trypetini) are described from India. Acidoxantha totoflava is documented as new record from India. Keys to the species of known Acidoxantha Hendel and Indian Philophylla Rondani are provided.

In this paper we present a checklist for Ethiopian Geometridae, subfamily Geometrinae, tribes Pseudoterpnini and Comibaenini. Six species were found to belong to the tribe Pseudoterpnini, two species to the tribe Comibaenini. One species is described as new, Comibaena theodori sp. nov. Adults of all species are illustrated, genitalia are figured for the new species.

The same team of workers surveyed a rural and an urban sample of the same tribe (Santal) by the same method. It was found that urbanization had little effect on the total mental morbidity. But stress-dependent disorders were commoner in the urban tribe.