Introduction: Due to the effect of radiation on both the tumor and the surrounding normal tissues, the side effects of radiation in normal tissues are expected. One of the important complications in the head and neck radiotherapy is the doses reached to the larynx and spinal cord of patients with non-laryngeal head and neck tumors.   Materials and Methods: ...

Introduction: In radiation therapy, the accuracy of dose calculations by a treatment planning system (TPS) is important to achieve tumor control and to spare normal tissue. Treatment planning system calculations in the heterogeneous situation may present significant inaccuracies. In this study, three different dose calculation algorithms, pencil beam (PB), collapsed cone (CC), ...

Introduction: Receiving exact dose by the patients is vital in radiotherapy. In radiation therapy, the dosimetry of radiations is too important because of successful radiation inquires for delivering the exact dose to the target volume. This study is to evaluate the tolerances and the accuracy of calculated dose of photon beams in the treatment software system. The TECDOC1583 p...

BACKGROUND Proton-beam therapy (PBT) provides therapeutic advantages over conformal x-ray therapy in sparing organs at risk when treating esophageal cancer because of the fundamental physical dose distribution of the proton-beam. However, cases with extended esophageal lesions are difficult to treat with conventional PBT with a single isocentric field, as the length of the planning target volum...

Introduction: In radiation therapy, in order to double-check the dosimetric results of the main treatment planning system (TPS), a distinct TPS, with few capacitances in terms of contouring and a variety of dose calculation algorithms is used. This system has the capability to double check the planification and the accurate prediction of dose distribution in order to be ensured...

background: craniospinal radiotherapy faces technical challenges which are due to the sensitivity of the location in which the gross tumor is, and to organs at risk around planning target volume. using modern treatment planning systems causes a reduction in the complexities of the treatment techniques. the most effective method to assess the dosimetric accuracy and the validity of the software ...

Introduction: Craniospinal radiotherapy is a therapeutic technique for central nervous system (CNS) tumors, which requires meticulous attention to technique and dosimetry.Treatment planning system (TPS) is one of the main equipment in radiotherapy; therefore, the evaluation of its accuracy is essential for dose calculation. The present study evaluates the validity of Isogray TPS in craniospinal...