Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of the strong interaction, predicts a phase transition at high temperature between hadronic and deconfined matter (the quark-gluon plasma). Strongly interacting matter under such extreme conditions can be studied experimentally using ultrarelativistic collisions of heavy nuclei. The field entered a new era in November 2010 when the Large Hadron Collider ...

Power systems are underlying inevitable changes. Their transition phase from traditional into smart power systems is analysed by means of the three main components: power plants, grid and consumers; their management systems and the operators’ role. Results show that power systems are undergoing a spiral evolution process with revolutionary elements only in the first transition phase of the inte...

9 Application Modernization at LLNL and the Sierra Center of Excellence J. Robert Neely and Bronis R. de Supinski In 2014, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory began acquisition of Sierra, a preexascale system from IBM and Nvidia. Its use marks a significant shift in direction, introducing the concept of heterogeneous computing via GPUs. An overview of LLNL’s overall application strategy focu...

The discovery of cisplatin as a therapeutic agent stimulated a new era in the application of transition metal complexes for therapeutic design. Here we describe recent results on a variety of transition metal complexes targeted to DNA to illustrate many of the issues involved in new therapeutic design. We describe first structural studies of complexes bound covalently and non-covalently to DNA ...

A capacity-plus crowd of over 3,500 people filled Notre Dame’s Stepan Center yesterday afternoon to hear William M. Kunstler, defense lawyer for the “ Chicago Seven” lecture on the effects of the events surrounding the Chicago Conspiracy trial. Kunstler said the trial had symbolized a transition in eras for the forces of dissent in America, ushering in an era of “ resistance" to replace the era...

This paper provides a unified growth theory, i.e. a model that explains the very long-run economic and demographic development path of industrialized economies, stretching from the pre-industrial era to the present-day and beyond. Making strict use of Malthus’ (1798) so-called preventive check hypothesis – that fertility rates vary inversely with the price of food – the current study offers a n...

Nonlinear Adjustment to Purchasing Power Parity in the post-Bretton Woods Era Christopher F. Baum Department of Economics Boston College John T. Barkoulas Department of Economics and Finance Louisiana Tech University Mustafa Caglayan Department of Economics and Finance University of Durham, UK This paper models the dynamics of adjustment to long-run PPP over the post-Bretton Woods period in a n...

We explore the possibility of describing our universe with a singularity–free, closed, spatially homogeneous and isotropic cosmological model, using only general relativity and a suitable equation of state which produces an inflationary era. A phase transition to a radiation–dominated era occurs as a consequence of boundary conditions expressing the assumption that the temperature cannot exceed...

One of the most important complications during thyroid surgery is injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) which leads to dysfunction and palsy of the vocal folds. Adequate knowledge about the location of the RLN supported by neuromonitoring can help the operating surgeon to prevent this complication. Visualisation of the nerve alone seems to not be enough. Much more important is an estima...