This report is the conclusion of the international consensus committee on renal transit time (subcommittee of the International Scientific Committee of Radionuclides in Nephrourology) and provides recommendations on measurement, normal values, and analysis of clinical utility. Transit time is the time that a tracer remains within the kidney or within a part of the kidney (eg, parenchymal transi...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Several conditions that delay gastrointestinal transit are associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. We hypothesised that the gastrointestinal transit time is directly related to plasma unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) concentrations, and that this relationship can be used to develop a new therapeutic strategy for severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in the Gunn rat m...

Pulse transit time (PTT) is a pivotal marker of vascular stiffness. Because the actual PTT duration in vivo is unknown and the complicated variation in waveform may occur, the robust determination of characteristic point is still a very difficult task in the PTT estimation. Our objective is to devise a method for real-time estimation of PTT duration in pulse wave. It has an ability to reduce th...

Transit travelers expend a great deal of time and energy on out-of-vehicle walking and waiting, which significantly affects their perceived burdens of travel. Accordingly, this article is concerned with ways to reduce the perceived burdens of out-of-vehicle time spent walking, waiting, and transferring to improve users’ experience at transit stops and stations. We surveyed 749 transit users at ...

Transit agencies have never had an accurate indicator of the extent of their service area based on riders’ door-to-door travel time. This is an important gap in knowledge, because travel time is one of the most important factors determining whether or not people will use public transit. This paper presents a powerful new travel timebased method to visualize and analyze transit service coverage—...

Agitated saline contrast echocardiography is often used to determine blood flow through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (Q̇IPAVA). We applied indicator dilution theory to time-acoustic intensity curves obtained from a bolus injection of hand-agitated saline contrast to acquire a quantitative index of contrast mass. Using this methodology and an in vitro model of the pulmonary circulatio...

afghanistan is a land-locked country that depends on its neighboring countries to transit essential commodities. iran, for its proximity and access to the high seas, seems to have the most economical route to meet afghanistan’s needs. however, this country did not pursue such an economical route due to its western tendencies and its foreign policies which were completely different with iran’s. ...

The effect of epinephrine on neutrophil (PMN) kinetics in rabbit lungs was evaluated by measuring the retention of radiolabeled PMN's in the lung, the exchange rate between the marginated and circulating pools of PMN's, and the erythrocyte (RBC) transit time. Epinephrine treatment decreased RBC transit times and increased exchange rates in the regions with the shortest transit times but did not...