Transdermal delivery of most drugs is precluded by the barrier characteristics of the stratum corneum (SC). Chemical penetration enhancers are capable of interacting with SC constituents, inducing a temporary reversible increase in the skin permeability. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of glycerol monooleate (GMO)/solvents systems on percutaneous absorption across hairless mous...

The efficacy of oral aspirin treatment in the secondary prevention of cardio and cerebro vascular disease is well known. However oral administration is often associated with abdominal discomfort. The feasibility of delivering aspirin transdermally from eudragit and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) matrix-type patches to enhance its antithrombotic efficiency of aspirin was investigated. Transdermal films...

BACKGROUND Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a novel vaccination strategy, which is expected to have therapeutic applications. However, to develop effective TCI systems, a simple, non-invasive and safe transdermal formulation is required. This study developed a novel TCI system utilizing the co-administration of a liposoluble absorption enhancer, propylene glycol monocaprylate (PGMC) and hyd...

Background: Duloxetine hydrochloride is an antidepressant drug also approved for diabetic neuropathy, anxiety disorders, and fibromyalgia requiring repeated administration on chronic basis. The objective of this study was to develop a transdermal drug delivery system for duloxetine hydrochloride as a once daily dosage form. Methods: Transdermal patches were prepared by solvent evaporation metho...

Triptolide (TP), a major active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.F. (TWHF), is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it has a narrow therapeutic window due to its serious toxicities. To increase the therapeutic index, a new triptolide-loaded transdermal delivery system, named triptolide-loaded liposome hydrogel patch (TP-LHP), has been developed. In this paper, we used a mic...

There is currently a great deal of world-wide interest in the field of transdermal drug delivery and, consequently, broad classes of drugs are being evaluated for percutaneous absorption potential. The advantages of this mode of drug administration are numerous, the patient convenience and therapeutic optimization of using patch transdermal systems being major positive features. The in vitro re...

Recently, decreased activity levels have been observed in pigs treated postoperatively with transdermal delivery of fentanyl (TD-fentanyl) after isoflurane anaesthesia. Whether the change in behaviour is related to opioid-induced sedation or to insufficient pain relief remains to be investigated. This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the effect of TD-fentanyl 50 microg h(-1) on the ac...

Purpose: To to develop and evaluate matrix-type ondansetron hydrochloride (OS) transdermal patch for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Methods: Transdermal patches were prepared by solvent casting method using ethyl cellulose and polyvinyl pyrrolidone as matrix materials, and dibutyl phthalate and dibutyl sebacate as plasticizers. The formulations were evaluated for pat...

conclusions the most effective enhancer for aha and ha were liquid paraffin and glycerol, respectively. the most effective surfactant for both aha and ha was tween 80. the effects of the enhancers were increased by prolonging the exposure time. results after 1.5 and 12 hours, the maximum permeated amount of aha were 89.8 and 342.5 mg, respectively, which related to the formulations with liquid ...

Exposure to N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) commonly occurs in the general population and has been implicated as a contributory factor to the Gulf War Illness. The focus of the present studies was to determine the effect of coexposure factors, potentially encountered in a military environment, that could modulate transdermal flux of topically applied DEET. Factors investigated were vehicle, dose...