Tinnitus is usually defined as an intrinsic sound percept that cannot be attributed to an external sound source that tinnitus can be suppressed by neuromodulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and transcranial electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). It is thought that TMS and tDCS modulate tinnitus directly by targeting ...

Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) are highly variable, reflecting physiological fluctuations in corticospinal excitability. Besides changes coil 3D-orientation, MEP variability also depends on several factors related to state stimulated [1,2]. Another factor, poorly investigated so far, is physical brain displacem...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a method of noninvasively modulating the excitability brain. TMS relies on principle electromagnetic induction in producing an electric field that stimulates neurons. Measuring effect real time and being able to determine its spatiotemporal resolution increase potential both research clinical applications. In this article, authors model fields three co...

Abstract Different cortical regions respond with distinct rhythmic patterns of neural oscillations to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). We investigated natural frequencies induced by TMS in left and right homologous dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC) related hemispheric differences. In 12 healthy young adults, single-pulse was delivered different blocks close F3 F4 channels target ...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a neuroscientific technique that induces an electric current in the brain via application of a localized magnetic field pulse. The pulse penetrates the scalp and skull non-invasively and, depending on the parameters of stimulation, facilitates or depresses the local neuronal response with effects that can be transient or long lasting. While the mechani...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an established technique in cognitive neuroscience which is used to interrupt processing in the brain, creating a brief 'virtual lesion'. Here, we review recent studies that have employed TMS to gain insight into the roles of frontal and parietal cortex in visuospatial attention control.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evolved from a simple method to stimulate the motor cortex to an invaluable tool for multiple diagnostic, research, and therapeutic applications. A further development of this noninvasive brain stimulation technique is concomitant electroencephalographic (EEG) recording during TMS. The theoretical underpinnings and the technological innovation of TMS-EEG ...

The term "neuropathic pain" (NP) refers to chronic pain caused by illnesses or injuries that damage peripheral or central pain-sensing neural pathways to cause them to fire inappropriately and signal pain without cause. Neuropathic pain is common, complicating diabetes, shingles, HIV, and cancer. Medications are often ineffective or cause various adverse effects, so better approaches are needed...

Directed transfer function (DTF) method was used to assess brain connectivity disturbances in depression. The results were depicted as a model with the electroencephalographic (EEG) registration points, through which directions of bioelectric activity are defined. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an alternative treatment for drug-resistant depression and considered restore impaired co...