Islamic art and architecture are precious treasures resulted from corporate efforts and experiences of Muslim artists throughout history. This chain has been detached due to cultural development in the contemporary era. Exploring in theoretical and philosophical foundations of Islamic art and architecture is one way to revive cultural identity and eliminate its attributed untruth. It is an impe...

Beauty has always been considered as one of the most important dimensions of art and architecture throughout history, and real decoration has also been used as one of the methods of creating beauty in Iranian architecture. Despite the possibility of reaching human written opinions about beauty and decoration, opinions about the philosophy and criterion of the origin of beauty are expressed diff...

in current study, 63 samples of bat populations collected from differ regions were used for evaluating the geographic variations. twenty cranial and dental characters for traditional morphometric and landmarks method on the ventral, dorsal skull and mandible for geometry morphometric studies were used. statistical analyses of traditional morphometric and geometry morphometric data indicated low...

The political and social system involved in the limbo between tradition and modernity of the Qajar Era caused widespread and quick developments in Iranian culture, art, and architecture as well as a challenge between tradition and modernity. Relatively numerous palaces built in this era were signs of greatness and distinction-seeking of the Qajar kings and aristocrats, who embraced all transfor...

The history of Islam in China began when the first ambassador of Islamic caliphate in 654 AD, gained the court of the Chinese emperor. After that Islam has been spread throughout there during a century. In this study, authors try to study about how architectural elements and spatial forms are effected from Islam or Buddhist-Chinese tradition. Then, at the first it must be clear that which symbo...