Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) is a premium product that can command a higher price than “standard” olive oils. This makes it highly susceptible to fraudulent activity. A report by the E.U. Committee on the Environment, Public Health, and Food Safety says olive oil is among the products most prone to food fraud. There were 267 oil adulteration incidents reported to the U.S. Pharmaceutical Food F...

the theoretical base of this paper is the economic growth model that completed with capital stocks (private and public) and human capital. at the first, hypothesis test about constant returns to scale is studied, and then the related variables with macroeconomic policies are added to the model. the results show that 1) the aggregate production function exhibits increasing returns to scale, 2) p...

the purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the manufacturing industry wage among selected developing countries based on new economic geography theory. more specifically, we use a panel data model to study the spatial structure of wages in 136 countries for the period 1998-2007. the results indicate that this theory provides a good description of the spatial structure of w...

Long-distance trade has been rapidly increasing in recent years. As traders from around the world exchange goods, they form networks with traders as nodes and transactions as links. We use an agent-based model of a simple artificial economy to examine the emergence of trade networks when the distance between traders matters. Distance can become an issue if fuel for transportation becomes expens...

this paper estimates the effects of increase in iran’s non-oil exports on its economic growth as well as sectoral outputs, using a single country, comparative static, exogenous policy computable general equilibrium (cge) model. the paper also investigates the share of tradable sectors in reaching to the targeted growth rate (8%) in 5th socio-economic development plan. for this purpose, the para...

We develop a stochastic model of electoral competition in order to study the economic and political determinants of trade policy. We model a small open economy with two tradable goods, each of which is produced using a sectorspecific factor (e.g., land and capital) and another factor that is mobile between these tradable sectors (labor); one nontradable good, which is also produced using a spec...

This paper provides microfoundations to the Salter-Swan policy framework, a graphical apparatus designed ascertain exchange-rate and fiscal stance of policymaker with internal external economic targets. The environment is an infinite-horizon small open economy producing tradable nontradable goods that takes world prices interest rates as given populated by optimizing households firms. subject t...

The financial sector plays a crucial role in the economy, not only being simple intermediary between creditors and borrowers, but also having significant impact on economy’s development its various characteristics. For this reason, accounting for peculiarities is critical when developing policy-oriented general equilibrium models practical use. This drives interest of many researchers approache...