Abstract Helminth infection conditions lung macrophages in the long term, but little is known about how helminths affect macrophage responses to respiratory viral coinfection. Experimental helminth of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice revealed an increased type 2 airway inflammation that was associated with pronounced phenotypic changes macrophages. These consist a disappearance reaction SiglecF+ alveola...

The purpose of this study was to assess intrinsic smooth muscle mechanisms contributing to greater nitric oxide (NO) responsiveness in pulmonary vascular vs. airway smooth muscle. Canine pulmonary artery smooth muscle (PASM) and tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) strips were used to perform concentration response studies to an NO donor, (Z)-1-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl)amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2...

To elucidate the role of IgE-dependent mechanisms in inducing altered airway responsiveness in the atopic asthmatic state, the expression and actions of Fc receptor activation were examined in isolated rabbit tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) tissue and cultured cells passively sensitized with sera from atopic asthmatic patients or nonatopic/nonasthmatic (control) subjects. Relative to control tissu...

Halothane and isoflurane induce potent bronchodilation during general anaesthesia and have been used successfully during status asthmaticus. The aim of this study was to determine whether airway hyporesponsiveness was prolonged after halothane administration. Sixteen guinea-pigs were submitted for 2 h to either 1.5% halothane in oxygen or 100% oxygen, and were killed 24 h later to elicit isomet...

BACKGROUND Patient state index (PSI) and bispectral index (BIS) are values derived from the EEG, which can measure the hypnotic component of anaesthesia. We measured the ability of PSI and BIS to distinguish consciousness from unconsciousness during induction and emergence from anaesthesia and a period of awareness in surgical patients. METHODS Forty unpremedicated patients were randomized to...

Kim, Jenny H., Deepika Jain, Omar Tliba, Bei Yang, William F. Jester, Jr., Reynold A. Panettieri, Jr., Yassine Amrani, and Ellen Puré. TGFpotentiates airway smooth muscle responsiveness to bradykinin. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 289: L511–L520, 2005. First published May 27, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00027.2005.—The molecular mechanisms by which bradykinin induces excessive airway obstruc...

Our recent study showed that prenatal and early postnatal exposure of mice to side-steam tobacco smoke (SS), a surrogate to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), leads to increased airway responsiveness and sensory innervation later in life. However, the underlying mechanism initiated in early life that affects airway responses later in life remains undefined. The concomitant increase in nerve gro...