objective: the current methods for bladder cancer diagnosis suffer from low sensitivity and specificity. therefore, finding a novel tumor markers with high specificity and sensitivity is of great interest. micrornas (mirna, mir) are small endogenously-produced, non-coding rnas with an important role in regulating gene expression. recent studies show that mirnas expression profiles represent sig...

The most popular RNA library used for RNA sequencing is the poly(A) captured RNA library. This library captures RNA based on the presence of poly(A) tails at the 3' end. Another type of RNA library for RNA sequencing is the total RNA library which differs from the poly(A) library by capture method and price. The total RNA library costs more and its capture of RNA is not dependent on the presenc...

Verticillium dahliae Kleb.is a soilborne pathogen that cause vascular wilt in chrysanthemumplant (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitam). The objective of this research was to study the levels of some organic solutes, such as total protein, total soluble sugars, starch and proline, relative water content, RNA level, malondialdehyde and H2O2 contents in leaves of chrysanthemuminoculated with ...