The degradation rate of Mediterranean steppes, especially in North Africa is 1% per year, and this considered a high  rate of degradation. This study conducted in 2014 in the south slope of the Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, northeast Libya to quantify the vegetation recovery rate and assess selected Vegetation Indices (VIs) for mapping rangelands degradation status using remote sensing technology. Throug...

Introduction: Short-circuited microstrip patch antennas, or PIFAs, can be used as directive internal handset antennas in various communication systems. They provide advantages over traditional external whip and helix antennas in terms of increased total efficiency (when the handset is near the user’s head), decreased radiation towards the user, and increased mechanical reliability. The main dis...

Quantitative assessment of urbanization effect on surface air temperature (SAT) change provides crucial basis for formal detection and attribution analyses climate change. However, debates about urbanization-related warming bias in documented regional SAT trend still persist, mainly due to different determination rural stations. Here the over Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region China during 1980–2019 ...

Saura (2020) used the habitat amount hypothesis (HAH) to predict negative effects of fragmentation per se on mean species density site over a region. This prediction is valid but incomplete; HAH can also positive stated, "the compatible with steeper slope species–area relationship for fragmented than continuous habitat, and higher richness single large patch several small patches same total are...

Pavement condition assessment is an indispensable constituent in maintaining roadway infrastructure. Current practices for pavement condition assessment are labor intensive which introduce subjectivity in pavement rating and are time consuming. Automated methods rely on full 3D reconstruction of the pavement surface which introduces high equipment and computation costs. This paper presents a me...

Many terrestrial ecosystems are changing due to extensive land use and habitat fragmentation, posing a major threat to biodiversity. In this study, the effects of patch size, isolation, and edge/interior localization on the ground dwelling insect communities in the Chaco Serrano woodland remnants in central Argentina were examined. Sampling was carried out in December 2003 and March 2004 in nin...

This paper describes a method to approach area-patch problems in model generalization using fuzzy set theory. The area patch problem identifies problems in generalizing areas (polygons) with the same semantics (feature code) but varying geometry and spatial distribution. Area-patch generalization can be understood as a pattern recognition problem with a variety of viable solutions, constrained ...