CLE: cutaneous lupus erythematosus HZ: herpes zoster SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus TLE: tumid lupus erythematosus VZV: varicella zoster virus INTRODUCTION Topical corticosteroids are commonly used in the treatment of a wide range of skin manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Patients with SLE are also known to have an increased risk of herpes zoster (HZ). Here we present a r...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic, relapsing, severely pruritic, eczematous skin disease. The mainstays of treatment for AD are topical tacrolimus and topical steroids. Tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor, not only complements existing treatment options but also overcomes some of the drawbacks of topical steroid therapy when given topically and thus meets the long-term needs of patien...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review recent literature on the topical treatment of allergic skin diseases to help clinicians make informed evidence-based decisions. RECENT FINDINGS Twenty-four publications were identified from a PubMed search of randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews of topical treatment of atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis published from 1 January 2013 to...

Parenteral pentavalent antimonials remain the standard therapy for cutaneous leishmaniasis. More effective and patient-compliant topical treatments are an important alternative treatment for the localized self-limiting forms of this disease. Two paromomycin ointments are commercially available but their use is limited by either toxicity or lack of efficacy. Other topical formulations have been ...

BACKGROUND Burn injuries are an important health problem. They occur frequently in the head and neck region - the area central to a person's identity, that provides our most expressive means of communication. Topical interventions are currently the cornerstone of treatment of partial-thickness burns to the face. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of topical interventions on wound healing in peo...

BACKGROUND Fungal infection of the nail affects millions of people worldwide and has an estimated prevalence of more than 10% of the general population. OBJECTIVES To determinate the prevalence of fungal infection in toenails, in order to decide the treatment policy for onychomycosis. METHODS We evaluated 331 patients with suspected clinical toenail onychomycosis affecting at least two toen...