Treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) remains, to date, empirical and non-specific. The main goals of therapy are to minimize pain and functional disabilities as well as decrease inflammatory reactions and frequency of recurrences. Locally, symptomatically acting modalities are the standard treatment in simple cases of RAS. Examples include topical anaesthetics and analgesics, antise...

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical course of 3 prepubertal boys who presented with gynecomastia resulting from indirect exposure to a custom-compounded preparation of estrogen cream used by each child's mother. METHODOLOGY Each child was initially referred to the Children's Medical Center of Dallas' Endocrinology Center and followed for over 1 year. RESULTS All 3 boys presented with gynecom...

Topical anesthetic drugs are widely used clinically during hospital and outpatient procedures and are easily available to the public in a variety of over-the-counter preparations. These anesthetic are especially popular and commonly used in many local dermatological clinics. Yet, topical anesthesia poses certain risks with pediatric patients, especially when a large area is covered. Furthermore...

Perianal streptococcal dermatitis is an uncommon superficial cutaneous infection of the perianal area almost exclusively described in children. Perianal streptococcal dermatitis is caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci and occurs mainly in children between six months and ten years of age. Prior therapy with topical antifungal agents, topical corticosteroids, and oral preparations for pi...

BACKGROUND Topical lidocaine is a common form of anesthesia for a wealth of procedures across a large number of disciplines, including laser treatments. Preparations can be purchased over the counter with no prescription necessary. It is considered a safer and more acceptable form of anesthetic than hypodermic injections; however, there have been reports of fatalities following its application....

BACKGROUND Oral chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) is a major complication in transplantation community, a problem that can be addressed with topical intervention. Topical corticosteroids are the first line of treatment although the choice remains challenging as none of the available treatments is supported by strong clinical evidence. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to determine...

Topical corticosteroids have revolutionized the therapy of many dermatoses. The value to the dermatologist of commercially available preparations reflects many factors, including the cost, potency, therapeutic efficiency, and cosmetic acceptability of the medicaments. Furthermore, since the pharmacology of most corticosteroids is similar, and the newer fluorinated compounds are of high potency,...

BACKGROUND Topical remedies based on botanical ingredients are popular. OBJECTIVES To assess: (i) the usage of botanical substances in subjects affected with itching and chronic vulvar complaints; (ii) the incidence of side-effects associated with their use and the frequency of contact allergy; (iii) the diagnostic usefulness of patch testing. METHODS Sixty-six patients were provided with a...