The strategies to reduce the consumption of non-renewable energies in buildings are becoming increasingly important. In the meantime, nature-inspired approaches have emerged as a new strategy to achieve thermal comfort in the interiors. However, the use of these approaches in architecture and buildings requires a proper understanding regarding the features of ecosystems. Although acquiring this...

Reducing wastes in the healthcare processes is crucial for developing a high performance health system. Adopted from the Toyota Production System (TPS), the Lean concept has emerged in recent years as a way of introducing innovative ideas to improve industrial processes. In the context of health care, Lean is considered as a continuous improvement model, which provides healthcare organization t...

Introduction: High quality of care is one of the requirementsof nursing which depends on the nursing competency. In thisconnection, the aim of this research was to determine theproblems related to the academic training (nursing’ educationalprogram) and clinical practice to achieve competency from theviewpoint of nurses, faculty members, and nursing students.Methods: The study was an analytical ...

introduction: high quality of care is one of the requirements of nursing which depends on the nursing competency. in this connection, the aim of this research was to determine the problems related to the academic training (nursing’ educational program) and clinical practice to achieve competency from the viewpoint of nurses, faculty members, and nursing students. methods: the study was an analy...

n engl j med 371;24 nejm.org december 11, 2014 2331 5. Pfeffer MA, Brenner BM, McMurray JJ. Aliskiren in type 2 diabetes and cardiorenal end points. N Engl J Med 2013;368:1065-6. 6. Luciano RL, Dahl NK. Extra-renal manifestations of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD): considerations for routine screening and management. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014;29:247-54. 7. Chapman AB, To...

Longevity is a blessing as long as good health is not lost. However, the tendency to have a decline on normal physiological activities is inevitable because of the natural processes of degeneration at all levels: molecular, cellular and organic. Hence, the elderly people frequently suffer from cardiovascular problems and skeletal deteriorations that gradually develop to disabilities. Awareness ...

background and purpose: in an era of increasing professional accountability, there is a need for both medical educators and licensing bodies to identify the exit competencies expected from medical graduates. pediatrics department of isfahan university of medical sciences has defined learning outcomes that should be achieved in pediatric ambulatory setting and both learners and teachers were inf...

This paper employs meta-analysis to determine the influence of computer-based scaffolding characteristics and study and test score quality on cognitive outcomes in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education at the secondary, college, graduate, and adult levels. Results indicate that (a) computer-based scaffolding positively influences learning (g = 0.53), (b) studies with zero ...

The objective of this paper is to describe empirical studies evaluating the impact of reference pricing interventions in pharmaceutical markets, and to assess the quality of their evaluation method. A total of ten studies were included in the review. The nature of the intervention, the nature of the data available, the nature of the question to be answered, and the requirements of the evaluatio...