The time of arrival (TOA) and the time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements are transformable to each other without a loss of information regarding positioning and thus the position estimations based on them should be theoretically equivalent. It is proved by Shin [1] in case of homogeneous and uncorrelated ranging sources with the weighted least square (WLS) method. In this paper, their e...

In this work, we address the problem of tracking an acoustic source based on measured time differences of arrival (TDOA). The classical solution to this problem consists in using a detector, which estimates the TDOA for each microphone pair, and then applying a tracking algorithm, which integrates the “measured” TDOAs in time. Such a two-stage approach presumes 1) that TDOAs can reliably be est...

The resilience of indoor localization systems is a main concern their industrial application. A combination different techniques can enhance the overall robustness such systems. In this work, we present fusion possibilities coarse Bluetooth Low Energy based on received signal strength indicator and finer ultrasound time difference arrival (TDOA) technique. This approach offers advantage to robu...

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of sensor nodes (SNs) with wireless communication capabilities for specific sensing tasks. Among different applications, wireless location technologies which are designated to estimate the position of SNs (Geziciet al., 2005) (Haraet al., 2005) (Patwari et al., 2005)have drawn a lot of attention over the past few decades. There are increasing demands for...

This paper describes the passive emitter localization using Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) measurements. It investigates various methods for estimating the solution of this nonlinear problem: the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (ML) as a batch algorithm, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) as an analytical approximation, the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) as a deterministic sampling approach and f...

Finding the position of a radiative source based on time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) measurements from spatially separated receivers has been widely applied in sonar, radar, mobile communications and sensor networks. For the nonlinear model in the process of positioning, Taylor series and other novel methods are proposed. The idea of cone constraint provides a new way of solving this problem. ...

We propose a hybrid time difference of arrival (TDOA) / angle of arrival (AOA) method for indoor positioning systems. The combined AOA includes both the azimuth AOA (A-AOA) and elevation AOA (E-AOA). Thus, this method makes full use of the AOA information to minimize the errors due to estimation of multipath parameters and gives the position of the estimated mobile terminals by simultaneously r...

Time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency (FDOA) have been widely used for localizing temporally continuous signals passively. Temporal sparsity pulse makes their TDOA FDOA estimation processes much different, computational complexity is a major concern in this area. This paper addresses the problem fast focuses mainly on narrowband coherent pulses. By decoupling effects cost function loc...

Source Localization in the non-synchronous mobile system is a very important issue since it only requires synchronized clocks between the based stations (BSs) and can reduce system complexity. There are time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) and pseudo-range time-of-arrival (TOA) based localization techniques for a non-synchronous mobile system. Although many methods and performance analysis have be...

Monitoring using GNSS technology has played a very important role in tracking all manner of items, ranging from dangerous firearms to cash, and to the tracking of stolen vehicles. In different environments there will be times when the surroundings pose problems to the GNSS receiver, such as in the case where shipping containers are being stacked on top of each other, thus limiting the view of t...