background: galactosemia is a congenital metabolic disorder that can damage the health of a newborn. screening is an important step to prevent and treat this condition. due to increasing health care costs and limited financial resources of health systems, the most suitable economic analysis tool should be applied. the aim of this study was to analyze the cost-utility of neonatal screening progr...

In practice, the supplier often offers the retailers a trade credit period M and the retailer in turn provides a trade credit period N to her/his customer to stimulate sales and reduce inventory. From the retailer’s perspective, granting trade credit not only increases sales and revenue but also increases opportunity cost (i.e., the capital opportunity loss during credit period) and defau...

Cost, reliability and time are the three main quality attributes of a software system. Now days much software are designed on COTS component in order to facilitate timely development with reduced cost and improved reliability. Software deigned to handle critical control systems have very high reliability requirements. Fault tolerance is designed in these systems for some or all of the software ...

Promethee II is a prominent method for multicriteria decision aid (MCDA) that builds a complete ranking on a set of potential actions by assigning each of them a so-called net flow score. However, to calculate these scores, each pair of actions has to be compared, causing the computational load to increase quadratically with the number of actions, eventually leading to prohibitive execution tim...

In the construction management planning, both client and contractor are interested in completing project within planned schedule. To achieve it, time-cost trade-off problem (TCTP) is carried-out to obtain optimal set of alternatives. Although Pareto front solutions not preferred each other, decision-maker (DM) has choose only best solution. The DMs neither well-educated nor have adequate knowle...

in the case of hazardous materials management, selected routes for carrying hazardous materials (i.e.,hazmat) have significant effects on locating hazmat distribution centers. since, risk and cost are usuallyconsidered as two main attributes to determine the best routes, optimized locations are sequentially outlineddepending on selected routes. in the present paper, two different approaches of ...

the aim of this empirical study is to explore the trade-off model and pecking order model of capital structure. the investigation is performed using panel data procedures for a sample of 76 firms listed in tehran stock exchange during 2007-2010.the study employs ols regression model in examining the capital structure of firms in iran. the study employs variables reflecting differing theoretical...