Microarrays have great potential for the study of developmental biology. As a model system Xenopus is well suited for making the most of this potential. However, Xenopus laevis has undergone a genome wide duplication meaning that most genes are represented by two paralogues. This causes a number of problems. Most importantly the presence of duplicated genes mean that a X. laevis microarray will...

RIC-3 enhances the functional expression of certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in vertebrates and invertebrates and increases the availability of functional receptors in cultured cells and Xenopus laevis oocytes. Maximal activity of RIC-3 may be cell-type dependent, so neither mammalian nor invertebrate proteins is optimal in amphibian oocytes. We cloned the X. laevis ric-3 cDNA...

To understand the evolution of duplicate genes, we compared rates of nucleotide substitution between 17 pairs of nonallelic duplicated genes in the tetraploid frog Xenopus laevis with rates between the orthologous loci of human and rodent. For all duplicated X. laevis genes, the number of synonymous substitutions per site (dS) was greater than the number of nonsynonymous substitutions per site ...

gerbera jamesoniiis of commercial significance and fifth most used cut flower in the world today. a pot experiment was performed to see the effect of co-inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) i.e. (glomus mosseae andacaulospora laevis) with phosphate solubilizing bacteria pseudomonas fluorescensin the presence of different doses of superphosphate (low, medium, high) on growth establi...

The synonymy of Hypocaccus (Baeckmanniolus) virescens Thérond, 1963 and Hypocaccus (Baeckmanniolus) laevis Thérond, 1963 is rejected following the examination of the type specimens of both species. Hypocaccus (Baeckmanniolus) laevis stat. restit. is reinstated as valid. The two species differ mainly in the dorsal sculpture, pronotal shape, shape of protibia as well as in other minor characters....

Repeated within the intergenic spacers that separate adjacent ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes in Xenopus laevis are several distinct sequence elements. These include transcription terminators, "region 0" repeats, "region 1" repeats, duplicated spacer promoters, and 42-bp enhancer elements that are embedded within 60 or 81-bp repeats. All have been reported to stimulate RNA polymerase I transcription...

The early embryo-larval developmental toxicity of nickel (Ni) to 3 amphibian species, Xenopus laevis (South African clawed frog), Bufo terrestris (southern toad), and Gastrophryne carolinensis (eastern narrow-mouthed toad), was evaluated using a modified FETAX model. Studies were initiated from late blastulae stage (Nieuwkoop and Faber [NF] stage 10 or Gosner stage 12) and completed at a common...

Due to both deliberate and accidental introductions, invasive African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis) populations have become established worldwide. In this study, we investigate the geographic origins of invasive X. laevis populations in France and Portugal using the phylogeographic structure of X. laevis in its native South African range. In total, 80 individuals from the whole area known to be ...