objective(s) the objective of this study was to document and explain bilateral differences in the q angle. materials and methods two hundred limbs of healthy adult indian volunteers were studied. the q angle was measured using a goniometric method with the subjects supine, quadriceps relaxed and lower limbs in neutral rotation. the relative lateral placement of the tibial tuberosity with respec...

Objective(s) The objective of this study was to document and explain bilateral differences in the Q angle. Materials and Methods Two hundred limbs of healthy adult Indian volunteers were studied. The Q angle was measured using a goniometric method with the subjects supine, quadriceps relaxed and lower limbs in neutral rotation. The relative lateral placement of the tibial tuberosity with res...

Patellar instability is a common occurrence in the skeletally immature patient population, and multiple treatment options exist. Nonoperative treatment is appropriate for patients without osteochondral injuries and includes bracing and physical therapy focusing on strengthening of the gluteals as well as the vastus medialis obliquus muscles. Risk factors for recurrent instability include patell...

BACKGROUND The tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TTTG) distance is used to quantify the degree of lateralization of the patellar tendon insertion on the tibial tubercle relative to the deepest part of the trochlear groove. Disagreement exists as to whether the TTTG distance measured on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be considered equivalent. PURPOSE To compa...

BACKGROUND In the natural and prosthetic knees the position, shape, and orientation of the trochlea groove are three of the key determinants of function and dysfunction, yet the rules governing these three features remain elusive. QUESTIONS/PURPOSE The aim was to define the three-dimensional geometry of the femoral trochlea and its relation to the tibiofemoral joint in terms of angles and dis...