INTRODUCTION The intervertebral disc has a complex structure originating developmentally from both the mesenchyme and notochord. Notochordal cells disappear during adolescence, which is also when human discs begin to show degenerative signs. During degeneration later in life, disc cells decline because of apoptosis. Although many animal models have been developed to simulate human disc degenera...

Concrete is a brittle material whose tensile strength about one-tenth of its compressive strength. Tensile key parameter for concrete under impact loading. When turning point occurs before peak load in the load–time curve from dynamic Brazilian disc test, there no basis choosing or to calculate The objective this study determining crack initiation stress at peak. method contrasts time duration ...

High water usage is necessary while ore passes through the many stages of a mineral processing plant. However, dewatering system filters final pulp product to remove water, which reutilized in previous processes. This step fundamental reducing fresh new consumption. Usually, several tanks, pumps, and form system—any failure or shutdowns from those components disbalance flow. The waste tons prod...

OBJECTIVE To verify the correlation between overweight and socioeconomic and demographic indicators among Brazilian adults, using data from the Brazilian Household Budget Survey from 2008/2009. METHODS We analyzed the joint relationships between overweight and socioeconomic and demographic indicators in the Brazilian adult population (99,532,672 individuals), through the multiple corresponden...

Introduction – aim The response of the intervertebral disc to asymmetric forces may accelerate degeneration through changes in the matrix. At a macroscopic level the disc sustains structural changes which may play a role in the progression of a scoliotic curve. At a molecular level, disc degeneration is the outcome of the action of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), members of a family of enzymes ...

Embryonic retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons must extend toward and grow through the optic disc to exit the eye into the optic nerve. In the embryonic mouse eye, we found that immunoreactivity for the axon guidance molecule netrin-1 was specifically on neuroepithelial cells at the disk surrounding exiting RGC axons, and RGC axons express the netrin receptor, DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer). I...

This paper presents a study of dynamic characteristics of spring loaded relief valve and the turbulent flow of water through it by using CFD in 2-Dimensions. Mesh deformation due to the fluid-solid interaction between the valve disc and the surrounding fluid and CEL expressions determined by solving a dynamics equation of forces acting on the valve disc, are used to account for the motion of th...