The Thr needs in 3 commercial broiler strains (A, multipurpose; B, high yield; C, high yield) known to differ in terms of feed intake, growth rate, and breast yield were evaluated. Birds were randomized across 96 floor pens (12 birds/pen), received a common diet from d 1 to 20, and were fed graduations of Thr (0.52 to 0.87% total Thr in 0.07% increments) from d 21 to 42. Treatments (3 x 6 facto...

Characterization of intestinal health in poultry has become imperative as specialized ingredients become more common in poultry diets. We tested whether purified fiber affects dietary Thr requirements and intestinal morphology of young chicks. In experiment 1, three diets containing 7% added silica sand (control), cellulose, or high-methoxy pectin were used. Six replicate pens of 6 chicks recei...

Two N balance studies were conducted to investigate the effects of feeding graded levels of pectin (a soluble nonstarch polysaccharide, NSP) on the utilization of ileal digestible threonine (Thr; Thr study) and lysine (Lys; Lys study) intake for body protein deposition (PD) in growing pigs. In each study, eight Yorkshire barrows with an average initial BW of 17.2 +/- 1.3 (Thr study) and 14.3 +/...

The nuclear Dbf2-related protein kinases 1 and 2 (NDR1/2) are closely-related AGC family kinases that are strongly conserved through evolution. In mammals, they are activated inter alia by phosphorylation of an hydrophobic domain threonine-residue [NDR1(Thr-444)/NDR2(Thr-442)] by an extrinsic protein kinase followed by autophosphorylation of a catalytic domain serine-residue [NDR1(Ser-281)/NDR2...

The objectives of this work were to study the responses of one Leghorn and two broiler stocks and sexes to different levels of Thr and to estimate their requirements for this amino acid. All experiments were conducted with birds from 1 to 18 d of age. Body weight gain (BWG) and feed consumption were measured on the eighteenth day, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated. At Day 18, three...

Ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), as a key regulator of mRNA translation, plays an important role in cell cycle progression through the G1 phase of proliferating cells and in the synaptic plasticity of terminally differentiated neurons. Activation of S6K1 involves the phosphorylation of its multiple Ser/Thr residues, including the proline-directed sites (Ser-411, Ser-418, Thr-421, and Ser-424) in t...

OBJECTIVE To describe the surgical technique and clinical features of total hip replacement (THR) due to hip trauma in cats. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION Three client-owned cats that underwent THR to treat capital epiphyseal fractures, and five client-owned cats that underwent femoral head ostectomy (FHO). METHODS The clinical data included signalment, body weight, ...

IMPORTANCE Total hip replacement (THR) is successful in treating hip arthritis. Prosthetic survivorship may depend on characteristics of the implant, notably THR fixation technique and bearing surface type. OBJECTIVE To compare THR short-term survivorship according to cement type and bearing surface. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The cohort included all French patients aged 40 years or ...

Mucin dynamics may be particularly sensitive to a Thr deficiency due to the high concentration and structural importance of Thr in the mucin protein backbone. Intestinal mucin secretion, expression of mucin gene (MUC2), and histological characteristics were investigated in male broilers and White Pekin ducklings offered diets containing 3.3, 5.8, or 8.2 g of Thr/kg in 4 studies. Seventy-two bir...