The research aims to reveal and prove the thesis of the neutral and convertibility relationship between constituent constructive elements of the universe: matter, energy and information. The approach perspective is a computationally-communicativeneutrosophic one. We configure a coherent and cohesive ideation line. Matter, energy and information are fundamental elements of the world. Among them,...

Institutional trust is necessary for inter-organizational relationships in e-commerce. Two types of institutional trust are herein proposed (a) third-party institution-based trust, which deals with intermediary-driven structures, and (b) bilateral institutionalized trust, which deals with dyadic inter-organizational processes. We examine how these two types of institutional trust develop throug...

Human and artificial agents routinely make critical choices about interaction partners. The decision about which of several possible candidates to interact with, either for a limited or extended time period, has significant importance on the competitiveness, survivability, and overall utility of an agent. We assume that an agent has time and resource constraints that limit its participation to ...

Given the uncertainty of the online environment, institutional trust is fundamental in building and retaining online interorganizational relationships. The authors propose two types of institutional trust (a) third-party institution-based trust, which deals with intermediary driven structures, such as those in online B2B marketplaces, and (b) bilateral institutionalized trust, which deals with ...

In this paper we study the role of incomplete ex ante contracts for ex post trade. Previous experimental evidence indicates that a contract provides a reference point for entitlements when the terms are negotiated in a competitive market. We show that this finding no longer holds when the terms are determined in a non-competitive way. Our results imply that the presence of a “fundamental transf...

As it comes out of the crisis, the world economy faces two apparently conflicting demands. On the one hand, achieving global macroeconomic stability and preventing a protectionist backlash will require that we avoid large current account imbalances of the type that the world economy experienced in the run-up to the crisis. On the other hand, returning to rapid growth in the developing nations w...

The study examines various issues in Pakistan-Afghanistan Relations in the context that emerged after 9/11. It argues that security maintenance and various development pursuits (political and economic) of both Pakistan and Afghanistan considerably rely upon cordial and mutually cooperative relations between these two immediate neighbours. However, there exists trust deficit and the war against ...