Background: Critical cut-off values of BMI-for-age z-scores (BAZ) are used to define “thinness”, “overweight” and “obesity”, but the validity these needs be questioned in populations that shorter or taller than reference. We hypothesized prevalence thinness, overweight, obesity depends on population height performed a random simulation.
 Methods: created virtual child aged 2-10 years with ...

INTRODUCTION The recent increase in both childhood obesity and adolescent anorexia nervosa in developed countries has underlined the important consequences that these trends may have on public health, as there is an increased risk that these conditions may become chronic diseases in adulthood. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor prevalence rates and trends in thinness and overweight (includin...

1) Results: Please rephrase lines 2-3 to correct the information “The prevalence of the thinness categories tended to change according to age.” According to the results presented by authors, using the IS reference the prevalence of the thinness categories tended to change according to age for both sexes. Using the WHO reference this trend is confirmed only for girls. We have reformulated the se...

By a result of McKenzie [7] all finite directed graphs that satisfy certain connectivity conditions have unique prime factorizations with respect to the cardinal product. McKenzie does not provide an algorithm, and even up to now no polynomial algorithm that factors all graphs satisfying McKenzie’s conditions is known. Only partial results [1, 3, 5] have been published, all of which depend on c...

OBJECTIVE To assess beliefs about body size (fatness and thinness) and body image in Black girls aged 10-18 years living in Cape Town. DESIGN Exploratory using qualitative methods. SETTING Cape Town, South Africa. METHOD Participants were Black African girls (n=240), aged 10-18 years, who attended 5 primary and 6 high schools in Black townships in Cape Town. The schools and the girls were...

BACKGROUND No information exists on the nutritional status of primary school children residing in Makurdi, Nigeria. It is envisaged that the data could serve as baseline data for future studies, as well as inform public health policy. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of malnutrition among urban school children in Makurdi, Nigeria. METHODS Height and weight of 2015 (979 boys ...

BACKGROUND Urban areas in West Africa are not immune to undernutrition with recent urbanization and high food prices being important factors. School children often have a poor nutritional status, potentially affecting their health and schooling performance. Yet, generally school children do not benefit from nutrition programs. The objective of the study was to assess the anthropometric and micr...

BACKGROUND Since no growth standards for adolescents exist and a single reference applicable everywhere is still in debate, it is recognized that the best reference should be derived from the growth pattern of the healthy population that will use it. In 2007 a study developed references for body mass index for 12th to 18th y Bolivian school adolescent (BAP. OBJECTIVES To compare nutritional s...

The objective of this study was to analyse emotional distress and concerns related to body image in 712 normal-weight and overweight adolescent girls. A total of 12.3 per cent of the normal-weight girls and 25 per cent of the overweight girls showed extreme weight-control behaviours. In normal-weight adolescents, their engagement in extreme weight-control behaviours was associated with high lev...