For the purpose of dose measurement using a high-dose rate (192)Ir source, four methods of thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) calibration were investigated. Three of the four calibration methods used the (192)Ir source. Dwell times were calculated to deliver 1 Gy to the TLDs irradiated either in air or water. Dwell time calculations were confirmed by direct measurement using an ionization chambe...

Recently, attempts to develop new types of swallowing function analysis with 320-detector-row multislice CT (320-MDCT) have been reported. The present report addresses (1) patient exposure, (2) operator exposure, and (3) spatial dose distribution. For dose measurement, a human-body phantom in which 303 thermoluminescent dosimeter elements were inserted and a survey meter was used. The patient p...

The purpose of this study was to determine the dose to the contralateral breast during accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) and to compare it to external beam-published values. Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) packets were used to measure the dose to the most medial aspect of the contralateral breast during APBI simulation, daily quality assurance (QA), and treatment. All patients in ...

Full field digital mammography (FFDM) has been progressively introduced in medical centers in recent years. However, it is questionable which exposure parameters are suitable in order to reduce the glandular breast doses as they are related to induced carcinogenesis. The goal of this study was to compare the average glandular doses (AGD) and image quality of three FFDM systems namely Siemens Ma...

Applicators containing metal have been widely used in recent years when applying brachytherapy to patients with cervical cancer. However, the high dose rate (HDR) treatment-planning system (TPS) that is currently used in brachytherapy still assumes that the treatment environment constitutes a homogeneous water medium and does not include a dose correction for the metal material of the applicato...

Aim of the study Our objective was to quantify the accuracy of dose calculation in the build-up region of the tangential field of the breast for a TiGRT treatment planning system (TPS). Material and methods Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) chips were arranged in a RANDO phantom for the dose measurement. TiGRT TPS was also used for the dose calculation. Finally, confidence limit values were o...

Skin dose assessment for chest wall radiotherapy is important to ensure sufficient dose to the surface target volume without excessive skin reaction. This study quantified changes to the surface doses as a function of bolus material for conventional and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) tangential fields. Three types of bolus materials (2 mm solid, 2 mm fine mesh and 3.2 mm large mes...

PURPOSE To determine the in-air azimuthal anisotropy and in-water dose distribution for the 1 cm length of a new elongated (103)Pd brachytherapy source through both experimental measurements and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Measured and MC-calculated dose distributions were used to determine the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group No. 43 (TG-43) dosimetry parameters for t...

Patients treated with radioiodine for thyrotoxicosis and hyperthyroidism are a source of radiation exposure and represent a potential radiation hazard for the people in their environment. Doses to the relatives can be estimated from dose rates of the patient or measured with a proper dosimeter. Sensitive thermoluminescent dosimeters have been used to measure the doses absorbed by the family mem...

Personnel monitoring of more than 40,000 radiation workers in India is being carried out routinely using a Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) made thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) badge based on CaSO4:Dy phosphor embedded in Teflon discs [1], and a photographic film badge. Till recently the TLD badges were read using the manual type TLD badge reader system with an external interface unit for...