introduction : the innate immune system as the first line of defense against the pathogens recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps) by toll-like receptors (tlrs). interaction of bacterial pamps by tlrs results in activation of innate and acquired immunity. fimh adhesin, a minor component of type 1 fimbriae encoded by uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec) is a pamp of tlr4 that ...

introduction: glycoconjugates are molecules with a carbohydrate bounded to proteins. the terminal sugars of glycoconjugates are specific identified by lectins. glycoconjugates play an important role in various developmental processes. this study examines the developmental changes in certain glycoconjugates during the development of meckel's cartilage through lectin histochemistry. materials and...

This report is a survey of currently known literature with respect to noiseless (“perfect”) feedback (FB) for the multi–user access channel (MAC, “MISO”) and broadcast channel (BC, “SIMO”), for both the discrete memoryless (DM) case as well as for the additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) case. A motivating example is the FB uplink from a controlling ground terminal to a satellite, where for all...

We present in this paper a method to analyze the security problems which can occur in a NFC mobile phone payment. In the first section, we give a simplified description of the technical realization for this pilot limited to a part of the system. In the second section, we present the security concepts as a major issue in this scenario. Roughly main requirement is to have same level of security a...

Based on the electromechanical equivalent circuit theory, equations related to resonance frequency and magnifying coefficient of a quarter-wave vibrator taper transition horn were deduced, respectively. A series 3D models ultrasonic composite transducers with various conical section length was also established. To reveal influences prestressed bolt dynamic characteristics (resonance frequency, ...

in our previous study, we compared the two α-amylase enzymes from bacillus sp.kr8104, bka∆(n44) and bka∆(n44c193) which is the secreted form of it. the results indicated that the presence of 193 amino acids propeptide in the c-terminal of bka∆(n44) changed its enzymatic parameters like an uncompetitive inhibitor in comparison to bka∆(n44c193). in the present study, we cloned the dna sequence of...

in order to design and manufacturing some postharvest equipment, determination of some hydrodynamic properties of crops are necessary. the quality of products in global and local markets can be increased by applying these properties and receive economical benefits. for these purpose, two local varieties of apples in the east azerbaijan province, iran(asheghi and gare yapraq)were selected.ashegh...