design and construction of efficient and economic reinforced concrete (r.c.) hyperbolic cooling towers have driven the engineers toward the design of tall and thin-shell towers which have considerable high slenderness aspect ratio. consequently, the shell of r.c. cooling towers with relative high slenderness aspect ratio is extremely prone to buckling instability due to wind loading. to increas...

N ormal arterial aging is characterized by arterial enlargement , wall thickening, and stiffening, which predominates at large arteries. 1 Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an early vascular aging, 2 characterized by an accelerated arterial enlargement and stiffening, which occurs in parallel with the decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). 3 The relationships between central...

This is the first in a series of experiments to study the fatigue properties of equine cannon (third metacarpal) bone specimens from Thoroughbred racehorses. Monotonic and fatigue tests to failure were performed in four-point bending on diaphyseal specimens in a 37 degrees C saline bath to answer three initial questions. (a) Will a linear variable differential transducer yield the same elastic ...

This paper investigates shear behaviour of reinforced concrete using multi-surface plasticity model. analysis uses nonlinear finite element simulation 3D-NLFEA package. The experimental data adopted from the results test on eighteen beams where nine carried out by Bresler and Scordelis in 1963 similar Vecchio Shim 2004. constitutive model for material which used this is based plasticity-fractur...

Abstract In this paper, a methodology is presented for determining the stress and strain in structural concrete sections, also, estimating ultimate combination of axial forces bending moments that produce failure. The member may have cross-section with an arbitrary configuration, region consist set subregions having different characteristics (i.e., grades concretes, or initially identical, but ...

High circulating concentrations of homocysteine (ie, hyperhomocysteinemia [Hhcy]) impair the vascular function of peripheral conduit arteries and arterioles perfusing splanchnic and skeletal muscle regions. The effects of HHcy on coronary resistance vessel function and other indexes of vascular function, ie, arterial permeability and stiffening, are unclear. We tested the hypotheses that HHcy i...

Strain-stiffening behavior common to biopolymer networks is difficult to reproduce in synthetic networks. Physically associating synthetic polymer networks can be an exception to this rule and can demonstrate strain-stiffening behavior at relatively low values of strain. Here, the stiffening behavior of model elastic networks of physically associating triblock copolymers is characterized by she...

High circulating concentrations of homocysteine (ie, hyperhomocysteinemia [Hhcy]) impair the vascular function of peripheral conduit arteries and arterioles perfusing splanchnic and skeletal muscle regions. The effects of HHcy on coronary resistance vessel function and other indexes of vascular function, ie, arterial permeability and stiffening, are unclear. We tested the hypotheses that HHcy i...

Myocardial oxygen consumption is increased by arterial stiffening. It is not known precisely how. This study aimed to evaluate the role of the incident and reflected pressure wave in raising myocardial oxygen demand. Central (aortic) pressure waveforms were generated from radial waveforms using a generalized transfer function in 1628 cardiology outpatients (1038 males and 590 females). Aortic w...