Trainet, a new scheme to extend MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) is presented. The scheme works much like the subway system in a large metropolitan area. Each (unidirectional) subway line corresponds to a labeled path, and a route in the network is defined by either a pair , where count specifies how many hops a packet still has to take in the specified train, or a route...

1. Kariminejad-Najmabadi Genetic Center, Tehran-Iran 2. Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran 3. Pediatric Neurologist, Tehran, Iran 4. Hospital Marin, Paris, France 5. UPMC Univ Paris 06, IFR14, Paris, F-75013, France 6. CNRS, UMR7215, Paris, F-75013, France 7. Inserm, U974, Paris, F-75013, France 8. Institut de Myologie, Paris, F-75013, France 9. AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier PitiéSalpêtrière, UF Cardi...

Yeganeh Talebkhan1, Marjan Mohammadi2, Ghader Khalili3, Arghavan Sheykholeslami4, Naser Rakhshani5, Fereidoun Mahboudi6, Sadegh Massarrat7 1 Researcher, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran-National Biotechnology Network, Ministry of Health and Medical Education 2 Assistant Professor, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran-National Biotechnology Network, Mi...

Service capability and matching degree of transfer facilities are directly related to the operational efficiency and safety of a subway station. Owing to differences in planning and construction, the transfer subway stations in developing countries have some defects in facility size and serviceability, which cause a decline in service performance, operation efficiency, and security level. In or...

The first part of the paper presents a model of a complex subway network that includes an operational cost and social costs measured in terms of passenger waiting times. We reformulate the model with a simple discrete event simulation model that considerably reduces the complexity of the simulation. The simplified model uses conditional expectations to filter out rapid dynamics, and it can be i...

Subway is consisted of tunnels, platforms and ventilation shafts. The air flow between these structures forms a ventilation network. There is a need for fire modeling tools capable of both rapid and precise simulation for fire and smoke propagation in such ventilation network. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is widely used in subway fire performance design. However, the boundary conditions u...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although mass transit systems are convenient and efficient for urban people, little attention has been paid to the potential hearing hazard from their noise. The purpose of the current study was to measure and analyze levels of subway interior noise at peak commuter times and to provide information about commuters' daily dose of noise exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to study the changes in occurrence of esophageal, stomach and colon cancers (cancers of interest) over the last 30 years in Iran. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cancer cases referred to two main cancer centers in the country (the Shiraz cancer center and the Tehran cancer center) during last 30 years and published by the two centers were utilized. Morbidity odds rati...

Ground settlement due to the shallow tunneling in urban areas can have considerable implications for aboveground civilinfrastructures. Engineering geological characteristics of the tunnel host ground including geotechnical parameters of surrounding soil,groundwater situation, and in situ stress condition are amongst the most important factors affecting settlement. In this research, groundsettle...