Guiding by the view of science-based development, the ecological tax system which also possesses the benefits of encouragement and financing capital should be gradually established, so the material benefits can stimulate and drive that the social pollution costs are translated into production costs and market price, and the policy and law objectives to control ecological pollution and improve e...

W hat would happen to the pension system if we replaced the federal income tax with a consumption tax? With more than $10 trillion in retirement savings at stake and with the baby boom generation rapidly approaching retirement age, the answer to this question is of considerable importance. In particular, policy makers need to be concerned about the impact that shifting to a consumption tax woul...

This paper analyzes a two-country model with an international investor considering acquisitions of already existing target firms in a high-tax country and a low-tax country. The investor is able to shift profits from one location to another for tax saving purposes. Two systems of corporate taxation are compared, a system with separate accounting and a system with tax base consolidation and form...

Any tax system imposing selective commodity taxation must have procedures for assigning different goods to tax rate categories. Real-world tax legislation does this on the basis of observable characteristics, allowing the tax system to handle a constantly evolving set of available goods. We recast the theory of optimal taxation in the language of characteristics using the Gorman-Lancaster model...

The tax-systems perspective considers a variety of costs and behavioral margins often ignored in standard tax analysis: administrative and compliance costs, evasion and avoidance behavior, and multiple non-rate tax-system instruments (e.g., withholding and public disclosure). We show how the standard optimal tax framework can be augmented to include these new sources of cost and behavioral resp...

Recent federal legislation, H.R. 25 and S. 25, calls for a national retail sales tax. This tax is intended to replace the existing federal individual and corporate income taxes, the payroll tax which is used to fund the Social Security trust fund, and the estate and gift tax. One of the goals of the national sales tax is to reduce the compliance burden associated with the existing federal incom...

Recent federal legislation, H.R. 25 and S. 25, calls for a national retail sales tax. This tax is intended to replace the existing federal individual and corporate income taxes, the payroll tax which is used to fund the Social Security trust fund, and the estate and gift tax. One of the goals of the national sales tax is to reduce the compliance burden associated with the existing federal incom...

The effectiveness of using taxation as a redistributive tool depends on the design of the tax system. The Kenyan tax system comprises two main direct taxes (individual income and corporate taxes), and three main indirect taxes (Value Added Tax, Excise tax and Customs duties). Usage of income taxes has declined over time. However, income taxes still contribute the largest share of total tax reve...