While establishing methods for the control of spoilage in the tartrate recovery plants of California, Vaughn et al. (1943a,b; 1946) isolated a number of D-tartrate-decomposing microorganisms, including several mesophilic clostridia. These organisms, among the most active fermenters of D-tartrate, are of historical as well as economic interest, for it was in a tartrate medium that Pasteur (1863)...

The aim of this article was to assess and apply the in vitro to in vivo profiling (IVIVP), a new biowaiver approach, in designing a product with specific release pattern. The IVIVP was established by plotting the observed and predicted plasma drug concentrations. For IVIVP, convolution approach was employed to estimate plasma drug concentrations from in vitro dissolution profiles. The IVIVP for...

Rosacea is a chronic cutaneous condition with a prevalence rate ranging from 9.6% to 22% in recent studies. Facial erythema (transient and permanent) is considered a common denominator that is frequently observed in all subtypes of rosacea and is estimated to affect more than 40 million people worldwide. Brimonidine tartrate is a selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist and is the first topical...

The title complex, [Cu(C(4)H(5)O(6))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·2H(2)O, contains a Cu(II) ion lying on an inversion centre. The coordination geometry of the Cu(II) ion is a distorted octa-hedron with four O atoms from two hydrogen tartrate ions occupying the equatorial positions and two O atoms from two coordinated water mol-ecules occupying the axial positions. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular O-H...

We measured the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of 16 patients by the xenon-133 intracarotid method before and after the intramuscular injection of ergotamine tartrate. The regional and hemispheric CBF was unaltered, even in 3 migraneurs in who ergotamine relieved the headache. Ergotamine tartrate in therapeutic doses has no effect on the cerebral circulation.

A convenient method for the synthesis of N(6)-alkyl norlysergic acid N,N-diethylamide derivatives was developed. A series of these compounds was synthesized and tested for substitution in the two-lever drug discrimination assay, in rats trained to discriminate injections of d-LSD tartrate (185.5 nmol/kg, ip) from saline. A dose-response curve for each of the compounds in the series was generate...

The first metalated porphyrazinediols 11 have been prepared from (L)-(+)-dimethyl tartrate via conversion into the corresponding dispoke or 2,3-dimethoxy-2,3-butanediyl protected 2,3-dihydroxymaleonitrile, Linstead macrocyclization, transmetalation, and deprotection. Their stability is very dependent on the nature of the metal ion in the cavity of the porphyrazine. Reaction of these porphyrazin...

Evidence of the misuse of dihydrocodeine preparations remains largely anecdotal,' 2consisting of case reports of dependence mainly among users of the proprietary form of dihydrocodeine tartrate DF 118. Recent estimates of the extent of dihydrocodeine misuse in the general population and among drug users are lacking. This paper reports the results of an investigation into the level of DF 118 mis...