The surface chemistry of upconversion nanoparticles can effectively control the quenching effect water molecules affecting thermal dynamics luminescence.

We report a novel verticalcavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL) with monolithically integrated phaseshifters. Optical beams emitting at angles of 0" to 9.6" from the surface-normal direction have been achieved. Dynamic switching of the radiation angle has also been successfully demonstrated by tuming on/off the phase-shifted region of the VCSEL. This novel device can reduce the complexity and ...

When a ow, discontinuous across a switching surface, pointsìnward' so one cannot leave, it induces a unique ow within the surface, called the sliding mode. When several such surfaces intersect, one would seek a ow within the intersection, but some diiculties arise. We explore here the extent of the ambiguity involved in this situation and then show that for a certain form of`natural mechanism f...

To evade the host immune system, several pathogens periodically change their cell-surface epitopes. In the African trypanosomes, antigenic variation is achieved by tightly regulating the expression of a multigene family encoding a large repertoire of variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs). Immune evasion relies on two important features: exposing a single type of VSG at the cell surface and perio...

Parallel to the highly successful Ericksen-Leslie hydrodynamic theory for the bulk behavior of nematic liquid crystals (NLCs), we derive a set of coupled hydrodynamic boundary conditions to describe the NLC dynamics near NLC-solid interfaces. In our boundary conditions, translational flux (flow slippage) and rotational flux (surface director relaxation) are coupled according to the Onsager vari...

CD40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family and plays an important role in B-cell survival, growth, differentiation, and isotype switching. Recently, CD40 has been shown to associate with JAK3, a member of the family of Janus Kinases, which are nonreceptor protein kinases involved in intracellular signaling mediated by cytokines and growth factors. To investigate the role of J...

A methodology of phosphopeptide-selective analysis coupled with column-switching HPLC utilizing titania as precolumn media is presented. Phosphopeptides were selectively enriched on titania packing within a protein/peptide mixture without any additional procedure, and analyzed by column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography. First, phospho-compounds were separated from complex mixtur...

The identification of cancer stem cells in vivo and in vitro relies on specific surface markers that should allow to sort cancer cells in phenotypically distinct subpopulations. Experiments report that sorted cancer cell populations after some time tend to express again all the original markers, leading to the hypothesis of phenotypic switching, according to which cancer cells can transform sto...

Magnetic field induced switching of the antiferromagnetic order parameter in thin films of magnetoelectric chromia" (2015). A Landau-theoretical approach is utilized to model the magnetic field induced reversal of the antiferromagnetic order parameter in thin films of magnetoelectric antiferromagnets. A key ingredient of this peculiar switching phenomenon is the presence of a robust spin polari...