The structure of thermally coupled distillation systems offers several control challenges arising from the transfer of vapor (or liquid) streams between columns. In particular, the presence of recycle streams for coupled schemes has led to the notion that control problems might be expected during the operation of these systems, in contrast to the rather well-known behavior of conventional disti...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate to what extent sweeping of the membranes contributes to cervical shortening and if cervical shortening is related to the time to onset of labor and duration of the active phase of labor METHODS This prospective randomized clinical trial was performed at Baskent University between February and March 2011. Women were randomly assigned to receiv...

Water is the most common substance in the world, however, 97% is seawater and only 3% is fresh water. The availability of water for human consumption is decreasing due to increasing the environmental pollution. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), about 2.4 billion people do not have access to basic sanitation facilities, and more than one billion people do not have access to safe ...

Sieve trays are widely used in the gas- liquid contactors such as distillation and absorption towers. In this article, a three-dimensional, two phase CFD model using Euler-Euler framework was developed to simulate a distillation tower with two sieve trays. Hydrodynamic simulation of air and water system in different rates of gas phase was carried out and velocity distribution parameters, clear ...

Membrane distillation (MD) is an interesting process for desalination; however high thermal energy consumption remains one of the main obstacles in its widespread adoption. The current study presents multipass hollow fiber membrane modules to improve efficiency MD process. Fundamentally three module designs are considered: conventional shell and tube (fiber) pass (A), 1 multiple passes (B/C) eq...

OBJECTIVE To estimate if membrane sweeping increases the rate of prelabor rupture of membranes. METHODS This randomized trial of term, uncomplicated pregnancies included 300 patients. Patients were randomly assigned into sweep or no-sweep groups, with patients and delivering providers blinded to group allocation. Only the examining provider in the clinic was unblinded to group allocation. Mem...

Considerable effort is currently being put towards process intensification to design more sustainable and energy-efficient processes. Hybrid distillation-membrane processes are prime examples of such intensified In this work, different strategies presented for how handle the complexity membrane network hybrid in terms initialisation convergence simulation optimisation. A superstructure approach...

Scientific domain: %scientific_domain Subject short description: Water shortage and decline of the quality of fresh water resources make sea water desalination become a major way for drinking water production. Reverse Osmosis (RO) is now the main technology used for seawater desalination, but it shows a limited recovery and the environmental impact of large volumes of rejected brines is still a...