this research was conducted to estimate the amount of microbial protein synthesis in iranian buffaloes' rumen. four male swamp buffaloes with average live body weight of 140±10 kg were used in this study. four diets of 0 (control diet, 100% forage), 15, 30 and 45% concentrate in a 4 × 4 latin square were tested. the results indicated that by increasing the concentrate level in the diet of swamp...

The influence of habitat structure and support availability on support use is an important aspect of understanding locomotor behavior in arboreal primates. We compared habitat structure and support availability in three orangutan study sites-two on Sumatra (Pongo abelii) in the dry-lowland forest of Ketambe and peat swamp forest of Suaq Balimbing, and one on Borneo (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) in t...

This paper discusses stigmergy (i.e., the effect of communication through the environment) in relation to the Internet, especially with regard to World Wide Web-based learning. The paper begins by examining ways in which stigmergy occurs on the Web and then goes on to describe its use in the construction of a continually evolving system, CoFIND (Collaborative Filter In N Dimensions). CoFIND's p...

Gnathostoma spinigerum is a common human tissue parasite in Thailand. The swamp eel is the major intermediate or paratenic host for this parasite. The high prevalence of the infective third stage larvae (L3) of this parasite in the rainy season has been noted in previous studies. During June 1999 (rainy season), we performed a cross-sectional survey of the prevalence and the intensity of G. spi...