background and aims: adenovector gene transfer induces inflammatory response that finally leads to vector removal from delivered site. the effect of hydrodynamic pre-injection on adenovector mediated liver inflammation remained elusive. materials and methods: different mice groups were pre-treated by hydrodynamic saline, dexamethasone or nothing prior to adeno-luciferase administration. their s...

in this study, the process-based watershed model, soil and water assessment tool (swat), was used for simulating hydrology and sediment transport in the gharesou watershed and for identifying critical areas of soil erosion and water pollution. after model calibration and uncertainty analysis using sufi-2 (sequential uncertainty fitting, ver. 2) method, the outputs of the calibrated model were u...

In aquatic environment, microorganisms such as bacteria and microalgae usually secrete a matrix of mucilaginous extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to form a “microbial biofilm” when they are associated with solid surfaces (e.g., sediment particles, plant surfaces). Biofilms and the associated mucilaginous secretions form a cohesive matrix surrounding sediment particles, modifying the sedi...

Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this coll...

(CSC) " , " Het Lamminga Fonds " , and the Sino-Dutch collaboration project " Effects of human activities on the eco-morphological evolution of rivers and estuaries " (08-PSA-E-01) funded by the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences (KNAW) and the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) within the framework of the Programme of Scientific Alliances between China and the Netherlands. Summary ...

Hydrodynamic behavior of aggregative fluidized beds has been studied and a model proposed for the prediction of different characteristics of fluidized beds. According to this model, a computer program is prepared and the hydrodynamic behavior of some industrial units has been simulated.

We predict that portions of the New Jersey continental slope were unstable approximately 0.5 million years ago. This instability was caused by rapid sediment loading during a Pleistocene sea-level lowstand and by flow focusing in underlying, permeable Miocene strata. The simulated instability is consistent with soft-sediment deformation and small slumps in Pleistocene strata of the Hudson Apron...

Hydrodynamic forcing with respect to sediment transport and morphologic change, paying particular attention to relevant swash asymmetries, is reviewed. The hydrodynamics are categorized into their individual effects: highand lowfrequency motions, bores and turbulence, in/exfiltration, shear stresses and friction coefficients. Individual effects are then related to their potential for driving or...

Salt marshes are dynamic biogeomorphic systems that respond to external physical factors, including tides, sediment transport, and waves, as well internal processes such autochthonous soil formation. Predicting the fate of requires a modeling framework accounts for these in coupled fashion. In this study, we implement two new marsh 3-D COAWST (coupled-ocean-atmosphere-wave transport) model. The...