In this paper, an elastoplastic constitutive model is presented for predicting sandy soil behavior under monotonic and cyclic loadings. The model is based on the CJS3 model that takes into account deviatoric and isotropic mechanisms of plasticity. The flow rule in deviatoric mechanism is non-associated and a kinematic hardening law controls the evolution of the &#10yield surface. In the present...

We obtain the surface stress of a single layer and multilayers of graphene supported on silicone substrates by measuring the deformation of the graphene-covered substrates induced by the surface tension of liquid droplets together with the Neumann's triangle concept. We find that the surface stress of the graphene-covered substrate is significant larger than that of the bare substrate, and it i...

In contact with an environment, a solid may gain or lose mass due to, for example, deposition or etching. As the reaction proceeds, the surface of the solid moves, either extending or receding. If the solid is under stress, the elastic energy adds to the driving force of the reaction, and may cause the surface to roughen. This phenomenon has recently led to a novel experimental technique to det...

Absolute values of surface energy and surface stress of solids are hardly accessible by experiment. Here, we investigate the temperature dependence of both parameters for the (001) and (110) surface facets of body-centered cubic Fe from first-principles modeling taking into account vibrational, electronic, and magnetic degrees of freedom. The monotonic decrease of the surface energies of both f...

Shot peening applies a residual compressive stress field (RCSF) on the surface of parts. It also shifts “crack nucleation sites” to sub-surface locations. A nondestructive method of measuring the stresses, Sin2ψ was utilized here and the stress values introduced to Ansys software. For this purpose, uniform stress in all directions was applied on the con rod. Loading on the rod in Ansys had thre...

This paper presents a comprehensive model coupling the effects of hydrostatic stress, surface/interface stress, phase transformation and the structure of electrodes. First, the governing equation of moving phase interface with hydrostatic stress is established. Under the effect of hydrostatic stress, phase transformation process is much faster, which means phase transformation time is overestim...

This paper is devoted to study a problem of plane waves reflection at a traction-free surface of a pre-stressed functionally graded piezoelectric material (FGPM). The effects of initial stress and material gradient on the reflection of plane waves are studied in this paper. Secular equation has been derived analytically for the pre-stressed FGPM half-space and used to show the existence of two ...