The ring fixator is an ideal apparatus to treat infected gap nonunion of the tibia and to correct deformity in multiple planes. However soft tissue problems may arise during transport and at docking. Although various options such as free flaps, neurocutaneous flaps, fasciocutaneous flaps and cross leg flaps are available for flap cover, this is always done prior to application of a ring fixator...

The treatment of calcaneal osteomyelitis in diabetic patients poses a great challenge to the treating physician and surgeon. The use of a distally based sural neurofasciocutaneous flap after an aggressive debridement of non-viable and poorly vascularized tissue and bone that is combined with a thorough antibiotic regimen provides a great technique for adequate soft tissue coverage of the heel. ...

Marjolin's ulcer following frostbite is a rare occurrence. Our review of literature revealed that only 23 cases have been reported. In most instances heel is involved and the most common associated malignancy is squamous cell carcinoma.We present a 69-year-old male patient with squamous cell carcinoma arising over a frostbite scar in heel 45 years after cold injury. This case is unique with res...

We compared the mechanical properties of normal and reconstructed heel pads in seven patients. Four had latissimus dorsi flaps and one each an anterior thigh flap, a local dorsalis pedis flap and a sural arterial flap. The thickness of the heel pad was measured under serial incremental loads of 0.5 kg to a maximum of 3 kg and then relaxed sequentially. The load-displacement curve of the heel pa...

INTRODUCTION Oncological resection of the tongue can be reconstructed using a multitude of free flaps. The medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap has been well described in the literature in terms of its anatomy and harvest. However, functional outcome studies of post-reconstruction tongue defects using the MSAP flap have not been reported. This study represents the largest outcome study of...

Background Fasciocutaneous reverse sural artery flap is a popular option to treat soft tissue defects in the distal leg, ankle, and foot region.
 Objective To compare results of reconstruction between above ankle below defect.
 Method It was retrospective study varied etiology for defect grouped as operated over period five years. Flap graft take-up, rate primary healing, margin necro...