BACKGROUND The sympathetic block of upper limb leading to increased blood flow has important clinical implication in microvascular surgery. However, little is known regarding the relationship between concentration of local anesthetic and blood flow of upper limb. The aim of this dose-response study was to determine the ED50 and ED95 of ropivacaine in blood flow after supraclavicular block (SB)....

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to estimate the minimum effective volume (MEV) of 1.5% mepivacaine for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block by placing the needle near the lower trunk of brachial plexus and multiple injections. METHODS Thirty patients undergoing forearm and hand surgery received ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block with 1.5% mepivacaine. The initial volume of local ...

Background: Several clinical studies have shown that clonidine prolongs sensory motor blockade when used with bupivacaine but ideal doses of clonidine on ropivacaine is not well defined and to evaluate the effect of two doses of clonidine on ropivacaine, for supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade. Methods: In a prospective randomized double blind study supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade...

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block by nalbuphine and compare it to alone. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Place Duration Study: Department Anaesthesia, Fatima Memorial Hospital/College Medicine & Dentistry, Lahore from 1st June 2020 31st March 2021. Methods: Ninety six patients both genders with ages 20 65 years unde...