many people and even some doctors, in the past, believed that only god decides about human birth. they believed that human knowledge is far from determining this. when islamic civilization began to spread, medical knowledge made great progress too. muslim doctors began to express their opinions about fertility and infertility. this study, which is basically a library research, is an attempt to ...

Although a number of gambling preventive initiatives have been realized with adolescents, many of them have been developed in absence of a clear and explicitly described theoretical model. The present work was aimed to analyze the adequacy of a model to explain gambling behavior referring to gambling-related cognitive distortions (Study 1), and to verify the effectiveness of a preventive interv...

Basically, instrumental conditioning is learning through consequences: Behavior that produces positive results (high “instrumental response”) is reinforced, and that which produces negative effects (low “instrumental response”) is weakened. Instrumental conditioning plays a major role in learning, but the content of such learning might be desired (e.g. correct cause-effect association) or undes...

In dynamic work settings, developing a collective mindful attention is crucial but challenging. It can be achieved through learning. However, the relationships between and learning are complex recursive. Mindful both prerequisite outcome of Based on single case study cement plant, we build an inductive model that clarifies these highlights three barriers. Our paper makes two contributions to th...