نتایج جستجو برای: superinfection
تعداد نتایج: 1511 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Only two of the early genes of bacteriophage T7 were found to play a significant role in exclusion of superinfecting bacteriophage T3 particles; genes 0.3 and 1. Protein synthesis by the preinfecting phage particle was not required for efficient exclusion. These findings are discussed with regard to the known functions of these genes during T7 development.
In order to test the hypothesis that CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes mediate protection against acute superinfection, we depleted >99% of CD8+ lymphocytes in live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus macC8 (SIVmacC8) vaccinees from the onset of vaccination, maintained that depletion for 20 days, and then challenged with pathogenic, wild-type SIVmacJ5. Vaccinees received 5 mg per kg of humanize...
Wild-type strains of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) prevent superinfection of previously infected cells. A variant strain of virus that spontaneously arose during passage, EIAV(vMA-1c), can circumvent this mechanism in some cells, such as equine dermis (ED) cells, but not in others, such as equine endothelial cells. EIAV(vMA-1c) superinfection of ED cells results in a buildup of unintegr...
Although there is increasing evidence that individuals already infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be infected with a heterologous strain of the virus, the extent of protection against superinfection conferred by the first infection and the biologic consequences of superinfection are not well understood. We explored these questions in the simian immunodeficiency virus ...
Abstract Background Antibiotic de-escalation (ADE) is a stewardship initiative that aims to reduce exposure antimicrobials, thus limiting their unwanted effect, including antimicrobial resistance. Our study describe the impact of ADE compared with continuation therapy on outcome critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Material and Methods A single-center retrospective inclu...
Viral pneumonia is frequently complicated by bacterial co- or superinfection (c/s) with adverse effects on patients’ outcomes. However, the incidence of c/s and its impact outcomes patients might be dependent type viral pneumonia. We performed a retrospective observational study in confirmed COVID-19 (CP) influenza (IP) from 01/2009 to 04/2022, investigating using competing risk model mortality...
BACKGROUND Viruses frequently render cells refractory to subsequent infection with the same virus. This state of superinfection immunity counteracts potentially detrimental consequences for the infected cell and facilitates high-level replication and viral spread in the host. RESULTS Here, we show that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) employs its early gene product Nef to efficiently interf...
Both Chlamydophila psittaci and Escherichia coli infections are highly prevalent in Belgian turkeys and therefore they both might contribute to the respiratory disease complex observed in turkeys. C. psittaci can infect turkeys within the first week of age, even in the presence of maternal antibodies. However, the first C. psittaci outbreaks occur mostly at the age of 3 to 6 weeks, the period w...
This paper explores how men who have sex with men (MSM) with diagnosed HIV who engage in unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) perceive the potential risk of superinfection and how they respond to it. Semistructured interviews were carried out with 42 MSM recruited via community-based agencies throughout England and Wales. The interviews examined sexual risk taking and the ways in which men sought...
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