OBJECTIVES To compare the thickness of lateral abdominal muscles and Cross Sectional Area (CSA) of lumbar Multifidus Spinae (LM) muscles of competitive off-road cyclists with and without Low Back Pain (LBP). We also aimed to compare the maximum isometric back strength and endurance, as well as flexibility of lower back in cyclists with LBP and in the controls. METHODS The thickness of Transve...

context low back pain (lbp) is among the most prevalent musculoskeletal conditions in the developed countries. it is a common problem causing disability and imposing a huge economic burden to individuals and state organizations. imaging plays an important role in diagnosis of the etiology of lbp. evidence acquisition the electronic databases included: pubmed (1950 to present), ovid sp medline (...

[Purpose] This study compared the isolated contraction ratios of the hip extensors, erector spinae muscles of the lumbar region, and thoracic muscles during different back extension exercises. [Subjects] Twelve males participated in this study. [Methods] The subjects performed various back extension exercises. The activities of the T7 erector spinae muscles, L3 erector spinae muscles, and the g...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to identify the imbalance of muscle recruitment in cervical flexor muscles during the craniocervical flexion test by using ultrasonography and to propose the optimal level of pressure in clinical craniocervical flexion exercise for people with neck pain. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 18 students (9 males and 9 females) with neck pain at D University i...

Adequate training of the trunk muscles is essential to prevent low back pain. Although sit-ups are simple to perform, the perceived high effort is the reason why training the abdominal muscles is seldom continued over a longer period of time. It is well known that the abdominal muscles are inferior to the back muscles in terms of force, but this cannot explain the extreme difference in perceive...

Background: Stabilization exercises can improve the performance of trunk and back muscles, which are effective in the prevention and treatment of low back pain. The four-point kneeling exercise is one of the most common types of stabilization exercises. This quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate and compare the level of activation between abdominal and lumbar muscles in the different stage...

Variations in the main arteries of the upper limb are common and these anomalies can be of substantial interest to orthopedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, radiologists and anatomists. We present here a case of a high origin of the ulnar artery from the brachial artery found during anatomical dissection of a right upper limb of a 50-year-old man. This superficial ulnar artery, after running over ...