Water, the fluid of life at ambient pressure (P) and temperature (T), is mostly present under supercritical conditions in the Earth’s crust and mantle (1): that is, above the vaporliquid critical point (647 K and 221 MPa). As a free fluid or dissolved in silicate minerals, supercritical water greatly influences the structure and dynamics of our planet. From a technological standpoint, there are...

A simple, convenient, reusable, and inexpensive airand water-purification unit including a one-end sealed porous amorphous-silica (a-silica) tube coated with TiO2 photocatalyst layers has been developed. The porous a-silica layers were formed through outside vapor deposition (OVD). TiO2 photocatalyst layers were formed through impregnation and calcination onto a-silica layers. The resulting por...

Au/SiO2 SBA-15 materials were prepared using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) and by wet impregnation. First, SiO2 was functionalized with thiol groups at different grafting densities 3-(Mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane dissolved in scCO2. The support then impregnated HAuCl4·3H2O scCO2 modified EtOH. Wet impregnation of the supports ethanol also performed. Materials calcined 500 °C to remove organic ma...

Conversion of wet biomass via gasification in supercritical water is a promising technology for the production of hydrogen and methane from renewable resources. The properties of water above the critical point enable reactions for the fast degradation of biomass and generation of a product gas consisting of hydrogen, methane, higher hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide without disturbing sulphurand ...

Supercritical water was used as a modification method of electrochemically deposited apatite on pure titanium. The apatites were coated on a commercially pure titanium plate using a hydrothermal-electrochemical method. A constant direct current at 12.5mA/cm2 was loaded for 1hr at 25, 60, 100, 150 and 200•Ž in an electrolyte containing calcium and phosphate ions. The deposited apatite on the tit...

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) application in the pharmaceutical industry is still undeveloped regardless of significant research interests this processing medium shown last decades. ScCO2 technologies can improve drug solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic effect. These lead to development new formulations that will contribute a decrease dose, medication frequency, increase patient...

Alumina is one of the most widely used adsorbent for removal of dissolved pollutants from waste water. Various chemical species, especially ions, are known to be adsorbed onto alumina. On the other hand, alumina is a typical support for catalysts. Many kinds of metal supported catalysts are prepared using alumina as their support. These two roles of alumina, i.e., as adsorbent and support, are ...

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is able to completely mineralize every kind of waste in residence times lower than one minute. Supercritical water oxidation in presence of hydrothermal flames can reduce residence times to the order of milliseconds. The most recalcitrant compounds in terms of difficulty to oxidation for the supercritical water oxidation are acetic acid and ammonia. The obje...

Symmetry and monotonicity properties of solitary water-waves of positive elevation with supercritical values of parameter are established for an arbitrary vorticity. The proof uses the detailed knowledge of asymptotic decay of supercritical solitary waves at infinity and the method of moving planes.