Abiotic stress is one of the primary constraints limiting the range and success of arthropods, and nowhere is this more apparent than Antarctica. Antarctic arthropods have evolved a suite of adaptations to cope with extremes in temperature and water availability. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the environmental physiology of terrestrial arthropods in Antarctica. To sur...

The mealworm beetle, Tenebrio m&or (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera), is a freeze-susceptible species that does not survive cooling to below the supercooling point (i.e., tissue freezing) in any stage of development. Most insects of a given age and developmental stage exhibit a relatively narrow range of supercooling point (SCP) values. However, Tenebriu larvae reared at 24°C on dry wheat bran displa...

Insects that tolerate severe cold during winter may either supercool or tolerate ice forming within the tissues of the body. To compare the relative advantages of freezing and supercooling, we measured rates of CO(2) production and water loss in frozen and supercooled goldenrod gall fly larvae (Eurosta solidaginis). As an important first step, we measured the time required for ice content and m...

s In this paper, experiments were conducted to study the effect of weak magnetic fields on freezing process deionized water and physiological normal saline. The results show that different field strengths have effects aqueous solutions. Only a certain strength will positive solution, generally speaking, saline is better than water. When 150G, has supercooling degree time beef experiment, it was...

• Effects of PEF and OMF on supercooling beef steaks were explored. Lean beef's supercooled state was maintained with the treatment. Fat caused non-uniform current density temperature distribution under PEF. Combined required to inhibit ice nucleation within fat-rich beef. Quality factors indicated that could prolong shelf-life meat. Supercooling is particular interest in food industry since it...

Editorial Note: Successful cryopreservation of human ovarian cortex tissues using supercooling Scientific Reports has become aware of irregularities related to authors affiliations and the statement describing IRB approval in this paper. The situation is being investigated.

The supercooling point (SCP) of an insect model, the lady beetle Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Menéville (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) was markedly elevated by treatment with aqueous suspensions of the filamentous, ice nucleation active (INA) fungi Fusarium avenaceum and slightly elevated by Fusarium acuminatum. Addition of the surfactant Tween 80 to the fungal suspensions further reduced the supe...

Using a realistic united-atom force field, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study homogeneous nucleation of the crystal phase at about 30% supercooling from the melts of n-pentacontahectane (C150) and a linear polyethylene (C1000), both of which are long enough to exhibit the chain folding that is characteristic of polymer crystallization. The nucleation rate was calculated and ...

The response of woody plant tissues to freezing temperature has evolved into two distinct behaviors: an avoidance strategy, in which intracellular water supercools, and a freeze-tolerance strategy, where cells tolerate the loss of water to extracellular ice. Although both strategies involve extracellular ice formation, supercooling cells are thought to resist freeze-induced dehydration. Dehydri...

Simple observations of evaporating solutions reveal a complex hierarchy of spatiotemporal instabilities. We analyze one such instability suggested by the qualitative observations of Du and Stone and find that it is driven by a variant of the classical morphological instability in alloy solidification. In the latter case a moving solid-liquid interface is accompanied by a solutally enriched boun...