The main objective of Present study is based on meteorological variables to estimate monthly Global Solar Radiation (GSR) on a horizontal surface. Monthly mean of maximum air temperature, relative humidity, sunshine hours and wind speed values between 1974 and 2008 for Tehran city in Iran (35_41N, 51_19E), are used in this study. In order to investigate the effect of each meteorological variabl...

Water, a basic human need can be purified by different techniques like membrane distillation, boiling and solar still. Among all types, still is considered to the most economical simpler one. In this study, geometrical aspects of for Karachi varying tilt has been simulated. The study conducted height length keeping constant glass surface area cover while basin area. between time duration from 0...

The present study deals with the application of cluster analysis, Fuzzy Cluster Analysis (FCA) and Kohonen Artificial Neural Networks (KANN) methods for classification of 159 meteorological stations in India into meteorologically homogeneous groups. Eight parameters, namely latitude, longitude, elevation, average temperature, humidity, wind speed, sunshine hours and solar radiation, are conside...

Sunshine duration is an important variable that is widely used in atmospheric energy balance studies, analysis of the thermal loadings on buildings, climate research, and the evaluation of agricultural resources. In most cases, it is calculated using an interpolation method based on regional-scale meteorological data from field stations. Accurate values in the field are difficult to obtain with...

Solar radiation models for predicting the average daily and hourly global radiation, beam radiation and diffuse radiation are reviewed in this paper. Seven models using the Ångström– Prescott equation to predict the average daily global radiation with hours of sunshine are considered. The average daily global radiation for Hong Kong (22.3 N latitude, 114.3 E longitude) is predicted. Estimations...

Environmental factors that affect spatiotemporal distribution patterns of animals usually include resource availability, temperature, and the risk of predation. However, they do not explain the counterintuitive preference of high elevation range in winter by the black-and-white snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti). We asked whether variation of sunshine along with elevations is the key drivi...