Many studies have reported strong associations between substance misuse and violent crime. But the population impact of people diagnosed with substance use disorders on such crime is not known. Calculating the population impact and the relative importance of different classes of drugs is necessary to estimate the likely public health effect of any developments in services and treatment interven...

Objective We aimed to compare the labor analgesia effects of nonpharmaceutical and pharmaceutical on parturient women. Methods One hundred four women with spontaneous births were selected randomly divided into groups. Before after analgesia, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), satisfaction serum pain stress factors (substance P [SP], neuropeptide Y [NPY], nerve growth factor [NGF], prostaglandin E2 [P...

Cox et al's paper addresses an issue that has long been assumed to be a central aspect of brain function - the interplay of different neurotransmitters - but for which we have very little evidence so far. It is currently unclear whether these findings will have implications for the treatment of those with cocaine or other substance dependence.