4D printing is a cutting-edge technology that allows for the creation of dynamic, self-assembling structures by utilizing cutting edge, newly introduced smart materials. It builds upon traditional 3D adding dimension time, allowing printed objects to change shape or behavior over time. This achieved through use materials, such as memory alloys polymers, which respond external stimuli heat moist...

This study analyzed land use and land cover changes and their impact on land surface temperature using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager and Thermal Infrared Sensor imagery of the Yellow River Delta. Six Landsat images comprising two time series were used to calculate the land surface temperature and correlated vegetation indices. The Yellow River Delta area has ex...

OBJECTIVE: To measure radiologically obtained skull diameters and, based on these data, calculating the cranial index and size to compare with diameter measurements and indices reported in the literature, particularly those reported by Haas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study evaluated 732 individuals with no cranial disease, whose skull diameters were measured, Subsequently, the authors ...

Content And Structure (CAS) index for XML data is an important index type that has not been widely researched, even though its role is important especially in multi domain applications. Most existing researches in XML Queries Optimization focus on structure index alone. Few have utilized the rich semantic of XML data to support CAS index and querying. In this paper, we propose two indexes namel...

low seed germination and seedling emergence is one of the main problems in saline areas. seed priming technique has been known as a challenge to improve germination and seedling emergence under different environmental stress. the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of seed priming with gibberellin, nacl and water on seed germination and seed reserve utilization and germination...

The hybrid integration of polymer and silica in optical waveguides can yield devices that combine the excellent thermo-optic properties of polymers and the superior passive waveguiding properties of silica. The large difference and opposite sign of the thermo-optic coefficients of both classes of materials can be utilized to create athermal waveguide devices. In addition, it can be utilized in ...

BACKGROUND Preexisting gastrointestinal (GI) events may deter the use of pharmacologic treatment in patients diagnosed with osteoporosis (OP). The objective of this study was to examine the association between preexisting GI events and OP pharmacotherapy initiation among women diagnosed with OP. METHODS The study utilized claims data from a large US managed care database to identify women age...

in this paper, a multi-objective reconfiguration problem has been solved simultaneously by a modified ant colony optimization algorithm. two objective functions, real power loss and energy not supplied index (ens), were utilized. multi-objective modified ant colony optimization algorithm has been generated by adding non-dominated sorting technique and changing the pheromone updating rule of ori...

BACKGROUND Non invasive approaches will likely be increasing utilized to assess liver fibrosis. This work provides a new non invasive index to predict liver fibrosis induced in mice. METHODS Fibrosis was generated by thioacetamide (TAA), chronic intake of ethanol, or infection with S. mansoni in 240 mice. Both progression and regression of fibrosis (after treatment with silymarin and/or prazi...