Structural optimization, when approached by conventional (gradient based) minimization algorithms presents several difficulties, mainly related to computational aspects for the huge number of nonlinear analyses required, that regard both Objective Functions (OFs) and Constraints. Moreover, from the early '80s to today's, Evolutionary Algorithms have been successfully developed and applied as a ...

One of the main tasks of engineers is to design structural systems light and economic as possible, yet resistant enough to withstand all possible loads arising during their service life and to absorb the induced seismic energy in a controlled and predictable fashion. The traditional trial-and-error design approach is not capable to determine an economical design satisfying also the code require...

The choice of primary rhinoplasty technique is based on preoperative diagnosis, external nasal contour, nasal anatomy, and expected changes in nasal contour. The author matches technique to nasal anatomy, describing procedures that have resulted in a high success rate. (Aesthetic Surg J 2002;22:72-84.).

We consider graph compression in terms of graph families. In particular, we show that graphs of bounded genus can be compressed to O(n) bits, where n is the number of vertices. We identify a property based on separators that makes O(n)-bit compression possible for some graphs of bounded arboricity.

The marriage of endonasal rhinoplasty with structural grafting has resulted in more consistent rhinoplasty results. The nasal base can be stabilized by tongue-in-groove techniques, a columellar strut, or extended columellar strut. The middle vault can be addressed with spreader grafts or butterfly grafts. Lower lateral cartilage weakness can be supported with alar batten grafts or repositioning...

Progressive collapse is a situation where local failure of a primary structural component leads to the collapse of adjoining members which, in turn, leads to additional collapse. Hence, the total damage is disproportionate to the original cause. The most common local failure in framed structure is assumed to be column failure. In this paper, a new approach for dynamic column removal in framed s...

In this paper, we continue our research on the algorithmic aspects of Halpern and Pearl’s causes and explanations in the structural-model approach. To this end, we present new characterizations of weak causes for certain classes of causal models, which show that under suitable restrictions deciding causes and explanations is tractable. To our knowledge, these are the first explicit tractability...

in this article a graph theoretical approach is employed to study some specifications of dynamic systems with time delay in the inputs and states, such as structural controllability and observability. first, the zero and non-zero parameters of a proposed system have been determined, next the general structure of the system is presented by a graph which is constructed by non-zero parameters. the...

when neo-conservative came to power, they acquired twofold behavioral models towards nuclear case of iran. mainly, this derives of essential conflicts of the two state, and partly, because of differential regional and international interests and favorites of u.s. and islamic republic of iran. with studying iranian nuclear viewpoints, we analyze the mentioned american strategy and tactics, with ...