BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is scant population-based information on functional outcome, survival, and recurrence for ischemic stroke subtypes. METHODS We identified all residents of Rochester, Minnesota, with a first ischemic stroke from 1985 through 1989 using the resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project medical records linkage system. After reviewing medical records and imaging stu...

BACKGROUND Few European studies investigating associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and incident stroke have considered stroke subtypes. Using information from the South London Stroke Register for 2005-2012, we investigated associations between daily concentrations of gaseous and particulate air pollutants and incident stroke subtypes in an ethnically diverse area of London,...

Intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage have different pathogeneses and risk factor profiles. However, little information is available on the difference between intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhages in relation to blood pressure. We prospectively investigated the relationships between blood pressure and risks of stroke subtypes. We measured blood pressure and other cardiovascu...

BACKGROUND Estrogen is involved in neuron plasticity and can promote neuronal survival in stroke. Its actions are mostly exerted via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Previous animal studies have shown that ERα is upregulated by DNA demethylation following ischemic injury. This study investigated the methylation levels in the ERα promoter in the peripheral blood of ischemic stroke patients. METH...

OBJECTIVE Frequency of ischemic stroke subtypes is influenced by ethnic and geographic variables. Our objective was to identify various stroke subtypes and its determinants at a tertiary care hospital. METHODS We prospectively collected data on ischemic stroke subtypes admitted to The Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi. RESULTS A total of 596 patients were enrolled in 22 months in the ...

Background: Epidemiological research has shown that increased total homocysteine (tHcy) levels are associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic disease; however, controversy still exists over which subtype of stroke is allied to hyperhomocysteinemia. This study aimed to investigate whether elevated tHcy is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke and to compare tHcy levels in patie...

BACKGROUND The role of inflammation, vascular dysfunction and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of different stroke subtypes is not well understood. We aimed to determine if the clinical and aetiologic subtype of acute ischaemic stroke influences systemic markers of vascular function, inflammation and oxidative stress. MATERIAL/METHODS 129 men and women were recruited within 10 days of ...

BACKGROUND Differentiating intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) from cerebral infarction as early as possible is vital for the timely initiation of different treatments. This study developed an applicable model for the ambulance system to differentiate stroke subtypes. METHODS From 26,163 patients initially screened over 4 years, this study comprised 1989 consecutive patients with potential first-e...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Differences in risk factor profiles between lacunar and other ischemic stroke subtypes may provide evidence for a distinct lacunar arteriopathy, but existing studies have limitations. We overcame these by pooling individual data on 2875 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke from 5 collaborating prospective stroke registers that used similar, unbiased methods to define ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the timing, speed, and degree of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-induced recanalization in patients with proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion of different stroke subtypes. METHODS We evaluated 72 patients with acute stroke caused by proximal MCA occlusion treated with intravenous tPA in <3 hours. Transcranial Doppler monitoring of reca...