We develop a guideline for rating the physical impairment of otolaryngologic fields. Assessment of hearing disturbance and tinnitus required physical examination, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, impedance audiometry, brainstem evoked response audiometry, Bekesy audiometry, otoacoustic emission test, and imaging examination. History taking, physical examination, and radiological examina...

At present, it is difficult to identify a gold standard for endoscopic staging of laryngeal cancer, especially considering the large number of endoscopic instruments available. We have coined the term multistep endoscopy to describe a method for staging laryngeal precancerous and neoplastic lesions that sequentially uses several endoscopic tools including high definition white light endoscopy (...

We present the case of a 42-year-old male patient, smoker, diagnosed and treated for hepatosplenic leishmaniasis in 2008, without any travel to areas of risk. He came for consultation 3 years later because of severe dysphonia (GRABS 3--4) with a 2-month history of dysphagia--odynophagia, previously unstudied. Nasofibroscopy results were that the nostrils, oral cavity and pharynx are without les...

Episodic paroxysmal laryngospasm (EPL) is a sign of laryngeal dysfunction, often without a specific organic etiology, which can masquerade as asthma, vocal fold paralysis, or a functional voice disorder. The intermittent respiratory distress of EPL may precipitate an apparent upper airway obstructive emergency, resulting in unnecessary endotracheal intubation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or ...

Anesthesia can be maintained with propofol or sevoflurane. Volatile anesthetics increase neuromuscular block of muscle relaxants. We tested the hypothesis, that sevoflurane would cause less vocal cord injuries than an intravenous anesthesia with propofol. In this prospective trial, 65 patients were randomized in 2 groups: SEVO group, anesthesia with sevoflurane, and TIVA group, total intravenou...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of percutaneous corticosteroid injection in patients with vocal fold polyp and to describe its advantages and limitations in this group of patients. DESIGN Prospective case series. SETTING Tertiary care teaching hospital. PATIENTS Twenty-four patients with vocal fold polyp treated between March 1 and December 31, 2007. INTERVENT...

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Benign<strong> </strong>vocal cord lesions are common laryngeal pathology found in routine clinical practice.microlaryngeal surgery is useful excision for pathology. Coblation assisted microlaryngeal a new technique the vocal lesions</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Current study was conducted Government Kilpau...

OBJECTIVE Hoarseness is a postoperative complication of thyroidectomy, mostly due to damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Hoarseness may also be brought about via vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) due to injury of the vocal cords from manipulations during anesthesia, as well as from psychogenic disorders and respiratory and upper-GI related infections. We reviewed the literature aiming to ...

A digital high-speed camera in combination with a light intensiier and a exible endoscope is used to record running human speech. Due to the light absorbtion of the exible endo-scope, the recorded image sequences are too dark for human examination and too poor for digital motion analysis. Therefore, two diierent image enhancement methods are compared to improve the image sequences. Resulting tr...

OBJECTIVES Scarred vocal folds result in irregular vibrations during phonation due to stiffness of the vocal fold mucosa. To date, a completely satisfactory corrective procedure has yet to be achieved. We hypothesize that a potential treatment option for this disease is to replace scarred vocal folds with organotypic mucosa. The purpose of this study is to regenerate vocal fold mucosa using a t...